新概念英语第三册逐句精讲:第19课,新概念英语第三册逐句精讲:第29课好笑不好笑

lesson30 Funny or Not 好笑不好笑
　　新概念3课文内容：
　　Whether we find a joke funny or not largely depends on where we have been brought up.The sense of humour is mysteriously bound up with national characteristics. A Frenchman, for instance, might find it hard to laugh at a Russian joke. In the same way, a Russian might fail to see anything amusing in a joke which would make an Englishman laugh to tears.
Most funny stories are based on comic situations. In spite of national differences, certain funny situations have a universal appeal. No matter where you live, you would find it difficult not to laugh at, say, Charlie Chaplin's early films. However, a new type of humour, which stems largely from the U.S., has recently come into fashion. It is called ‘sick humour. Comedians base their jokes on tragics situations like violent death or serious accidents. Many people find this sort of joke distasteful. The following example of‘sick humour will enable you to judge for yourself.
　　A man who had broken his right leg was taken to hospital a few weeks before Christmas. From the moment he arrived there, he kept on pestering his doctor to tell him when he would be able to go home. He dreaded having to spend Christmas in hospital. Though the doctor did his best, the patient's recovery was slow. On Christmas Day, the man still had his right leg in plaster. He spent a miserable day in bed thinking of all the fun he was missing. The following day, however, the doctor consoled him by telling him that his chances of being able to leave hospital in time for New Year celebrations were good. The man took heart and, sure enough, on New Year's Eve he was able to hobble along to a party. To compensate for his unpleasant experiences in hospital, the man drank a little more than was good for him. In the process, he enjoyed himself thoroughly and kept telling everybody how much he hated hospitals. He was still mumbling something about hospitals at the end of the party when he slipped on a piece of ice and broke his left leg.
　　新概念英语3逐句精讲：
　　1.Whether we find a joke funny or not largely depends on where we have been brought up.
　　我们觉得一则笑话是否好笑，很大程度取决于我们是在哪儿长大的。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:whether在本句中引导主语从句。Where we have been brought up是宾语从句。
　　2.The sense of humour is mysteriously bound up with national characteristics.
　　幽默感与民族有着神秘莫测的联系。

语言点: sense of humour 幽默感。
　　3.A Frenchman, for instance, might find it hard to laugh at a Russian joke.
　　譬如，法国人听完一则俄国笑话可能很难发笑。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是to laugh at a Russian joke。
　　4. In the same way, a Russian might fail to see anything amusing in a joke which would make an Englishman laugh to tears.
　　同样的道理，一则可以令英国人笑出泪来的笑话，俄国人听了可能觉得没有什么可笑之处。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:which引导定语从句，说明“是一个什么样的笑话”。
　　5. Most funny stories are based on comic situations.
　　大部分令人发笑的故事都是根据喜剧情节编写的。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:most表示“大部分的”，和funny一起修饰stories,形成双前置定语。

　　6. In spite of national differences, certain funny situations have a universal appeal.
　　尽管民族不同，有些滑稽的情节却能产生普遍的效果。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:in spite of引导让步状语，不能与but出现在同一句话里。
　　7. No matter where you live, you would find it difficult not to laugh at, say, Charlie Chaplin’s early films.
　　比如说，不管你生活在哪里，你看查理.卓别林的早期电影很难不发笑。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:no matter where引导让步状语从句。say在此不是“说”的意思，而是一个插入语，作用是引出后面的例子。
　　语言点2:early film的意思是“早期的电影”。
　　8. However, a new type of humour, which stems largely from the U.S., has recently come into fashion.
　　然而，近来一种新式幽默流行了起来，这种幽默主要来自美国。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:which引导定语从句，修饰humour,即“…的幽默”。
　　语言点2:come into fashion表示“流行起来”，相当于be on fashion。
　　语言点3:stem from的意思是“起源于…”。
　　9. It is called ‘sick humour.
　　它被叫作“病态幽默”。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:is called是被动语态。
　　10. Comedians base their jokes on tragics situations like violent death or serious accidents.
　　喜剧演员根据悲剧情节诸如暴死，重大事故等来编造笑话。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:like violent death or serious accidents是介词短语，作situations的后置定语。
　　11. Many people find this sort of joke distasteful.
　　许多人认为这种笑话是低级庸俗的。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:distateful充当宾语joke的补足语，说明笑话是“低级庸俗的”。
　　12. The following example of‘sick humour will enable you to judge for yourself.
　　下面是个“病态幽默”的实例，你可据此自己作出判断。
　　语言点:介词短语of sick humour作example的后置定语。
　　13. A man who had broken his right leg was taken to hospital a few weeks before Christmas.
　　圣诞节前几周，某人摔断了右腿被送进医院。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:who引导定语从句，修饰man,表示“…样的人”。
　　语言点2:be taken to的意思是“被送往”。
　　14. From the moment he arrived there, he kept on pestering his doctor to tell him when he would be able to go home.
　　从他进医院那一刻时，他就缠住医生，让医生告诉他什么时候能回家。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:from the moment的原意是“从那一刻起”，在本句中为引导时间状语从句的引导词，相当于when,但因为后半句中出现了when，为避免用词重复，故改用from the moment。后半句中的when he would be able to go home为宾语从句，说明tell的内容，为tell的直接宾语，而tell后面的him为间接宾语。

　　15. He dreaded having to spend Christmas in hospital.
　　他十分害怕在医院过圣诞。
　　语言点:dread doing的意思是“害怕做…”
　　16. Though the doctor did his best, the patient's recovery was slow.
　　尽管医生竭力医治，但病人恢复缓慢。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:though引导让步状语从句，后半句中一般会出现“令人遗憾的事情”。
　　17. On Christmas Day, the man still had his right leg in plaster.
　　圣诞节那天，他的右腿还上着石膏。
　　语言点:have one's leg in plaster的意思是“腿上打着石膏”。注意不可直译为“腿在石膏里”。
　　18. He spent a miserable day in bed thinking of all the fun he was missing.
　　他在床上郁郁不乐地躺了一天，想着他错过的种种欢乐。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:对于本句中的thinking of all the fun he was missing有两种不同的解释:（1）s spend some time on doing sth.结构，意思是“花费时间做某事”（2）现在分词thinking引导补充状语，补充说明“躺在床上所想的事情”。Fun指“令人欢乐的事情或时光”，在本句中后接省去了引导词that的定语从句he was missing。
　　19. The following day, however, the doctor consoled him by telling him that his chances of being able to leave hospital in time for New Year celebrations were good.
　　然而，第二天，医生安慰他说，出院欢度新年的可能性还是很大的，那人听后振作了精神。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:“console sb.by doing+宾语从句”的意思是“通过做某事安慰某人”，是这句话的主体结构。of being able to leave hospital in time for New Year celebrations看着特别长，实际上是chances的后置定语，即“…的机会”。
　　20. The man took heart and, sure enough, on New Year’s Eve he was able to hobble along to a party.
　　果然，除夕时他可以一瘸一拐地去参加晚会了。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:sure enough即“果不其然”的意思，起强调和补充的作用，用来验证上下文医生所说的话。
　　21. To compensate for his unpleasant experiences in hospital, the man drank a little more than was good for him.
　　为了补偿住院这一段不愉快的经历，那人喝得稍许多了一点。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:the man drank…for him的意思是“这人喝酒过量了”。Than引导的是比较状语从句，这种从句常用省略式，在本句中，than的后面省略了主语what（=the wine which）。a little more than was good for him相当于too much for him。
　　22. In the process, he enjoyed himself thoroughly and kept telling everybody how much he hated hospitals.
　　在晚会上他尽情娱乐，一再告诉大家他是多么讨厌医院。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:in the process在本句中可以理解为on the party。How much he hated hospitals是kept telling的宾语从句，作直接宾语，everybody是间接宾语。
　　23. He was still mumbling something about hospitals at the end of the party when he slipped on a piece of ice and broke his left leg.
　　晚会结束时，他嘴里还在嘟哝着医院的事，突然踩到一块冰上滑倒了，摔断了左腿。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:at the end of the party是时间状语，说明“再次摔倒”的时间。When引导时间状语从句，说明晚会结束时发生了什么事情。

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