新概念英语第三册逐句精讲:第20课|新概念英语第三册逐句精讲:第20课PioneerPilots

Lesson20 Pioneer Pilots 飞行员的先驱
　　新概念3课文内容：
　　In 1908 Lord Northcliffe offered a prize of $1,000 to the first man who would fly across the English Channel. Over a year passed before the first attempt was made. On July 19th, 1909, in the early morning, Hubert Latham took off from the French coast in his plane the 'Antoinette IV.' He had travelled only seven miles across the Channel when his engine failed and he was forced to land on sea. The 'Antoinette' floated on the water until Latham was picked up by a ship.
　　Two days alter, Louis Bleriot arrived near Calais with a plane called 'No. XI'. Bleriot had been making planes since 1905 and this was his latest model. A week before, he had completed a successful overland flight during which he covered twenty-six miles. Latham, however, did not give up easily. He, too, arrived near Calais on the same day with a new 'Antoinette'. It looked as if there would be an exciting race across the Channel. Both planes were going to take off on July 25th, but Latham failed to get up early enough, After making a short test flight at 4,15 a.m., Bleriot set off half an hour later. His great flight lasted thirty-seven minutes. When he landed near Dover, the first person to greet him was a local policeman. Latham made another attempt a week later and got within half a mile of Dover, but he was unlucky again. His engine failed and he landed on the sea for the second time.
　　新概念英语3逐句精讲：
　　1.In 1908 Lord Northcliffe offered a prize of $1,000 to the first man who would fly across the English Channel.
　　1908年，诺斯克利夫勋爵拿出1,000英镑，作为对第一个飞越英吉利海峡的人的奖励。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:who引导定语从句，修饰the first man，表示“…的第一人”。
　　语言点2:与美国“第一家庭”相关的短语总结:
　　first lady 第一夫人
first daughter 第一女儿
Air Force One 空军一号
　　2.Over a year passed before the first attempt was made.
　　然而一年多过去了才有人出来尝试。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:被动语态was made在此用于强调attempt用法的特殊性，翻译时不可直译为“尝试被做”，应按照汉语的表达习惯译成“出来尝试”。
　　3.On July 19th, 1909, in the early morning, Hubert Latham took off from the French coast in his plane the 'Antoinette IV.'
　　1909年7月19日凌晨，休伯特.莱瑟姆驾驶“安特瓦特4号”飞机从法国海岸起飞。
　　语言点:注意On July 19th, 1909这个日期的写法—是“月，日，年”的顺序，这是美国人写日期的习惯，据此我们可以推测，这篇文章的作者很有可能是美国人。Antoinette IV是飞机的名字，同时也是plane的同位语。
　　4.He had travelled only seven miles across the Channel when his engine failed and he was forced to land on sea.
　　但他只在海峡上空飞行7英里，引擎就发生了故障，他只好降落在海面上。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:主句是由and连接两个并列的分句。在第一个分句中，有一个由when引导的时间状语从句；在第二个分句中，被动语态was forced to land强调因为引擎失灵而“被迫”降落，突出一种不甘心的感情色彩。
　　5.The 'Antoinette' floated on the water until Latham was picked up by a ship.
　　“安特瓦特”号飞机在海上漂浮，后来有船经过，莱瑟姆方才获救。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:until引导时间状语从句，要注意until和not until在简单句中用法的区别。
　　语言点2:有用的短语总结:
　　float on the water 漂在水面上
float in the breeze 随风飘扬
float down the river 顺流而下
　　6.Two days alter, Louis Bleriot arrived near Calais with a plane called 'No. XI'.
　　两天之后，路易斯.布莱里奥驾驶一名为“11号”的飞机来到加来附近。
　　语言点:with a plane看上去似乎是“和飞机在一起”的意思，但在翻译时，应把with a plane放在arrived之前，译为“开飞机到达”，这样才符合句子的意思。
　　7.Bleriot had been making planes since 1905 and this was his latest model.
　　布莱里奥从1905年起便开始研制飞机，“11号”飞机是他制作的最新型号。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:since 1905与句中的过去完成进行时had been making形成一种时态与时间状语呼应的用法。
　　语言点2:含有latest的短语总结:
　　latest model 最新型号
latest news 最新消息
latest style 最新款式
latest invention 最新发明

　　8.A week before, he had completed a successful overland flight during which he covered twenty-six miles.
　　一周以前，他曾成功地进行了一次26英里的陆上飞行。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:which引导定语从句，修饰flight,并且与during一起作从句的时间状语，表示“在…段时间里”。
　　9. Latham, however, did not give up easily.
　　但是莱瑟姆不肯轻易罢休。
　　语言点:easily为程度副词，强调“不轻易地”。
　　10. He, too, arrived near Calais on the same day with a new 'Antoinette'.
　　同一天，他驾驶一架新的“安特瓦特”号飞机来到了加来附近。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:这个句子为调整后的句式，原句应为:He,too,arrived near Calais with a new Antoinette on the same day.但如果这么写，就会显得头重脚轻，而把较长的方式状语with a new Antoinette放到时间状语on the same day之后，整个句子就显得较为平衡了。
　　11. It looked as if there would be an exciting race across the Channel.
　　看来会有一场激烈的飞越英吉利海峡的竞争。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:注意句子中虚拟语气的失态为过去将来时。
　　12. Both planes were going to take off on July 25th, but Latham failed to get up early enough.
　　两天飞机都打算在7月25日起飞，但莱瑟姆那天起床晚了。
　　语言点:failed to get up 不可翻译为“起床失败了”，而应理解为“没能起床”。
　　13. After making a short test flight at 4,15 a.m., Bleriot set off half an hour later.
　　布莱里奥凌晨4点15分作了一次短距离试飞，半小时后便正式出发了。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:after引导省略式的时间状语从句，原因是前后两个分句的主语都是Bleriot。
14. His great flight lasted thirty-seven minutes.
　　他这次伟大的飞行持续37分钟。
　　语言点:用lasted来强调在当时的条件下，飞行时间还是比较长的。
　　15. When he landed near Dover, the first person to greet him was a local policeman.
　　当他在多佛着陆后，第一个迎接他的是当地一名警察。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:when以引导时间状语从句。主句中的to greet him为动词不定式短语，作后置定语，修饰person。
　　16.Latham made another attempt a week later and got within half a mile of Dover, but he was unlucky again.
莱瑟姆一周以后也作了一次尝试，飞到离多佛不到半英里的地方。这次他又遭厄运。
　　语言点:within强调距离很短，作者用个介词间接说明了莱瑟姆的尝试最后以失败告终这一结果。
　　17.His engine failed and he landed on the sea for the second time.
因引擎故障第二次降落在海面上。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:and连接两个并列的分句。For the second time说明是第二次失败。

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