2018考研英语一阅读答案解析|2018考研英语拓展阅读：英国希望特朗普对俄保持强硬态度

Britain expects Donald Trump to stand up to Russian aggression despite his admiration of Vladimir Putin, the defence secretary said today.
　　英国国防大臣称，尽管特朗普崇拜普京，但英国仍希望他普对俄罗斯保持强硬态度。
　　Sir Michael Fallon appeared to have inside knowledge of Mr Trump’s thinking, saying in an interview that his officials were talking with the president-elect’s advisers.
　　迈克尔·法伦似乎能够读懂特朗普内心，他在采访中表示英国官员与特朗普顾问交谈密切。
　　Sir Michael is a critic of the actions of Mr Putin following the annexation of Crimea and the invasion of eastern Ukraine. He told BBC Radio 4’s Today programme that he did not believe that Britain’s tough stance on Russia would leave it isolated on the international stage.
　　迈克尔指责普京吞并克里米亚并进军东乌克兰。在一档BBC广播4电台节目上，他表示自己认为英国对俄罗斯的强硬态度无法在国际舞台上孤立俄罗斯。
　　He was responding to the suggestion that UK policy towards the Kremlin looked increasingly out of kilter with key allies such as the United States, given Mr Trump’s praise of Mr Putin on the campaign trail, and France, where another Putin fan, Francois Fillon, has emerged as a leading candidate in the race for the presidency.
　　他还回应道，特朗普在竞选时对普京赞赏有加。英国对克林姆林宫的政策似乎与关键盟友(如美国)背道而驰。除此之外，“亲普京”的弗朗索瓦·菲永有望在法国总统大选获胜。
　　“I think you have to distinguish between the campaign rhetoric of president-elect Trump and what he does in practice. In practice every American administration has always stood up to Russia,” Sir Michael said.
　　迈克尔称：“我认为大家必须意识到特朗普的竞选言辞和实际行动之间的区别。历届美国政府都是和俄罗斯对抗的。”
　　“We are not suggesting you shouldn’t talk to Russia, but what you can’t do is treat Russia as business as usual, as any kind of equal partner.”
　　“我们并非建议你不要和俄罗斯交谈，只是你对待俄罗斯的方式不能同对待平等伙伴一样。”
　　Asked if he had any contact with the president-elect’s team, Sir Michael said: “Our people are talking to people who are advising Trump, and we are waiting for his nomination of defence secretary.
　　当问及迈克尔是否与特朗普团队有过联系时，他是这样说的：“我们正在和特朗普的顾问交谈，关注他提名谁为国防部长。”
　　Sir Michael warned that Mr Putin was trying to test the western alliance and that countries on Nato’s eastern flank needed reassurance.
　　迈克尔警告说，普京正试图挑衅西方联盟以及那些需要安抚的北约东翼国家。
　　“Test is the right word, that is what he has been doing,” he said, speaking before meeting his Polish counterpart. Poland is one of the Nato members most concerned about Russia’s actions.
　　在会见波兰外长时，迈克尔继续说“挑衅一词描述的很准确，这就是他的行为。”北约各成员国中，波兰最关注俄罗斯行动。
　　“We have seen long-range aviation, Russian bombers flying down the edge of our flight region; we have seen more submarine activity; we have seen manoeuvres on the borders outside the Baltic states and across the border from Poland; we have seen more maritime activity in the Baltic; we have had this carrier group sail through the English Channel. So Putin, I think, is testing the alliance and we have to respond.”
　　“我们注意到远程航空兵，俄罗斯轰炸机在我们的飞行区边缘低空飞行。潜艇活动日益频繁，波罗的海国家边境的军事演习不断上演。波罗的海的海上活动增多，航母编队越过英吉利海峡。所以我认为普京在向西方联盟挑衅，我们必须回应。”
　　Sir Michael added: “We have to make clear that Nato is a defensive alliance but equally it is prepared to come to the defence of those members who feel very vulnerable, particularly on the eastern flank.”
　　迈克尔继续说：“我们必须声明，尽管北约是防御联盟，但是北约同样随时准备好保卫其弱势成员，尤其是北约东翼。”
　　The US is by far the biggest contributor to Nato in terms of the size of its military and amount it spends on defence and the election of Mr Trump has caused alarm among European members of the alliance. He has suggested that the US might only come to the defence of a Nato ally in future if they were spending at least 2 per cent of national income on defence — a target that is only met by five of the alliance’s 28 member states. Britain and Poland are among that five.
　　无论在军事方面，还是国防支出，美国迄今为止是北约的贡献者。而特朗普当选引起欧洲各国警觉。他指出，未来北约成员国至少将百分之二的国内生产总值用于防务，才可能得到美国的保护。而目前，28个北约成员国中只有5个国家达到这个目标，其中包括英国和波兰。
　　Sir Michael said that it was vital for all other Nato allies to reverse the trend of sliding expenditure on the armed forces of Europe.
　　迈克尔称，欧洲军队开支在不断减少，北约其他成员国必须尽力扭转这一局面。
　　“It is extremely important now that the alliance pulls itself together, that Nato members increase their defence spending and that we reassure those members who feel extremely vulnerable,” he said.
　　“各成员国需要紧密团结，这十分重要。北约成员国需要提高国防开支，并且安抚弱势成员国。”
　　Britain plans to deploy about 150 troops from the Light Dragoons regiment in Catterick to Orzysz in northeast Poland, close to the border with the Russian enclave Kaliningrad, to underline London’s commitment to Nato’s collective defence agreement.
　　英国计划从卡特里特轻龙骑兵团派遣150个军队至波兰东北部的奥日什，这里与俄罗斯飞地加里宁格勒相近。以此履行伦敦对北约的集体防御协议。
　　A further 800 troops will be sent to Estonia to lead a multinational battalion as part of a series of measures to deter Russia from testing Nato’s resolve to defend itself.
　　除此之外，800个军队将赴爱沙尼亚领导多国部队。这些举措将制止俄罗斯挑衅北约自我防御的决心。

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