【#四六级考试# 导语】不做“说话的巨人,行动的矮子”。说再多的漂亮话,也不如做一件实实在在的漂亮事,行动永远是迈向成功的第一步,想永远只会在原地踏步。对于考试而言亦是如此,每天进步一点点,基础扎实一点点,通过考试就会更容易一点点。以下为“2021年上半年英语四级语法考点解析”,欢迎阅读参考!更多相关讯息请关注®文档大全网!
【篇一】2021年上半年英语四级语法考点解析
1. 两者都表示“许多”,但 many 修饰或代替可数名词(复数),与 few(少数)相对;而 much 用来修饰或代替不可数名词(单数),与little(少量)相对。如:
Did you see many people there? 你在那儿看见许多人了吗?
Many poets have died young. 许多诗人很年轻就死了。
Do you have much money left? 你剩的钱多吗?
He doesn't spend much time preparing his lessons. 他备课不花太多时间。
2. 关于many of 和 much of:
(1) 其后接名词时,该名词通常应是特指的(比如有the, these, those, my, our, Tom's等修饰)。如:
Many of the farmers grow rice. 很多农民种稻子。
Many of his ideas were amusing to her. 他的许多想法使她感到有趣。
He spends much of his time outdoors. 他很多时间都在户外度过。
Much of the land was flooded. 大片土地被水淹没。
(2) 如果名词没有表特指的限定词,通常就不用of。如:
她没有吃多少早餐。Many和Much的用法区别
误:She didn't eat much of breakfast.
正:She didn't eat much breakfast.
大玻璃杯剩下的不多了。
误:There aren't many of large glasses left.
正:There aren't many large glasses left.
(3) 如果用了介词of又没有特指限定词,通常是不可以的。如:
误:Many of students have read it.
正:Many of the students have read it. 许多学生读过它。
误:Much of time was wasted.
正:Much of the time was wasted. 大部分时间都浪费了。
(4) 在少数情况下,much of之后不跟限定词也可以用,这主要见后接人名和地名的情形。如:
Not much of Denmark is hilly. 丹麦山地不多。
I've seen too much of Howard recently. 最近我见霍华德见得太多了。
(5) 在人称代词前总是用many of或much of,其中的of不能没有。如:
I didn't eat much of it. 这个我没吃多少。
Many of us were too tired to go further. 我们很多人都累得不能再往前走了。
(6) much of有时可用于一个还有不定冠词的名词前。如:
You can't see much of a country in a week. 一周之内看一个国家看不了多少地方。
How much of a job would it be to rebuild the garage? 重建这个车库工作量会是多少?
not much of a 有时可用于名词前表示某人对某物或某人评价不高。如:
Then he's not much of a partner. 那时他不是什么了不起的合伙人。
That might not seem like much of an accomplishment. 那似乎算不上什么成就。
3. 两者都可与 more 连用,其区别仍然是 many more之后接复数名词,much more 之后接不可数名词。如:
There have been many more burglaries this year. 今年盗窃案比过去多好些。
His car cost much more money than mine. 他的小汽车所花的钱比我的多得多。
有时其后的名词可承前省略。如:
Many people support the government, but many more are against it. 许多人支持政府,但更多得多的人反对它。
另外,其后修饰的不是名词,而是形容词或副词,则用much more,不用many more。如:
You must work much more carefully. 你应工作得更加细心。
Politics is much more difficult than physics. 政治学比物理学难。
4. 注意“many a+单数可数名词”的用法:形式上为单数,但意义上为复数(意为“许多”),若用作主语,其谓语通常与形式一致而不与意义一致(即谓语用单数)。如:
I have told him many a time to be polite. 我多次告诉他要有礼貌。
Many a young man has tried and failed. 很多年轻人都试过,而且失败了。
注意,“many a+单数名词”是一个十分正式的结构,在口语或非正式文体中一般都用 “many+复数名词”代之。
5. 与a great [good] number of, a great [good] amount of等表达不同,a great [good] many后接名词时,不用介词of。如:
I've known her for a great many years. 我认识她好多年了。
A great many people were at the meeting. 很多人参加了会。
但是,当其后接的是人称代词或带有限定词的名词时,则要有of。如:
A good many of them have cars. 他们中的许多人有汽车。
A great many of the trees were destroyed in the storm. 这次暴风雨毁了许多树。
【篇二】2021年上半年英语四级语法考点解析
1. fun不仅可以作名词,还可以作形容词,而且作为形容词仅用于名词前作定语,不能作表语,意义相当于enjoyable,汉语意思是“有趣的;令人愉快的”,例如:
Diving is a fun thing to do. 潜水是很有趣的事。
a fun day at a theme park. 在主题公园度过的愉快的一天。
2.funny的意义相对要多:(1) 滑稽的,有趣的,可笑的 (2) 稀奇的,古怪的 (3) 稍感不适的。funny不仅可以修饰名词作定语,还可以作表语。例如:
He told funny stories. 他讲了几个有趣的故事
It was the funniest thing I ever heard. 这是我所听到过的最有趣的的事。
The machine is making a very funny noise. 这部机器发出一种很奇怪的声音。
The joke is not funny. 那个笑话并不好笑。
Sometimes he is funny, sometimes he seems like a poet. 有时他很滑稽,有时他又像个诗人。
He told the doctor that he felt funny all over. 他告诉医生,他感到浑身不舒服。
3. 如果是修饰人,funny用来指令人发笑的人。而fun用来指令人愉快的或者喜欢与之相处的人。例如:
She's one of the funniest people I know. 她是我所认识的最有意思的人之一。
My sister is a fun person. 我妹妹是一个有趣的人。
【篇三】2021年上半年英语四级语法考点解析
一、some和any的用法
some意为“一些”、“几个”,通常用于肯定句中。现将其主要用法归纳如下:
1)some作形容词用时,可以修饰复数可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。例如:
There are some students in the classroom. 教室里有几个学生。
There is some milk in the glass. 杯子里有一些牛奶。
2)some作代词用时,可在句中作主语或宾语。例如:
Some of the boys are playing games now. 有几个男孩现在正在做游戏。
I have no paper. Please give me some. 我没有纸了,请给我一些吧。
3)some有时也可以用在疑问句或条件句中,表示请求、建议,并期望得到对方的肯定回答。它也可以用于反问句中。例如:
Can you give me some money? 你能给我一些钱吗?
Would you like some more rice? 再来点米饭好吗?
Why don't you buy some flowers for her? 你为什么不给她买些花呢?
If you want (some), I'll give you some. 如果你想要(一些),我就给你一些。
any也有“一些”的意思,但它常用在否定句、否定答语或疑问句中。其具体用法如下:
1)any作形容词用时,可以修饰可数名词的单数或复数,也可以修饰不可数名词。例如:
Do you have any questions to ask? 你有什么问题要问吗?
There isn't any water in this bottle. 这个瓶子里没有水。
2)any作代词用时,也可用于肯定句中,表示“任何”的意思,起强调作用。例如:
You may take any of them. 这些东西,你随便拿哪个都行。
Any man with eyes in his head can see that he's exactly like a rope. 任何一个头上长有眼睛的人都能看出,他完全像一根绳子。
3)any有时也可用于条件句中。例如:
If you have any time, please come to my house. 如果你有时间,请来我家(玩)。
If you have any, give us some. 如果你有的话,就给我们一点儿吧。
二、some和any的区别
1)一般说来,some用于肯定句,any用于否定句和疑问句。例如:
She wants some chalk.
She doesn't want any chalk.
2)any可与not以外其他有否定含义的词连用,表达否定概念。例如:
He never had any regular schooling.
3)any可以用于表达疑问概念的条件句中。例如:
If you have any trouble, please let me know.
4)在下列场合,some也可用于疑问句。
1、说话人认为对方的答复将是肯定的。例如:
Are you expecting some visitors this afternoon?(说话人认为下午有人要求,所以用some)
Are you expecting any visitors this afternoon?(说话人不知道下午是否有人来,所以用any)
Didn't you give him some tickets?(说话人认为票已经给他了。问题的回答是:Sure I did)
Did you give him any tickets?(说话人不知道是否给票了。回答可能是yes或no。)
2、款待用语或问句的实质等于提出一个要求并希望得到肯定的回答时。例如:
Won't you have some more tea?
Could you get me some clips?
这类用语中的some不能用any代替。
3、在“Let me know if you need any help.”这类条件句中,可用some代替any。
用any表示说话人完全不知道对方是否需要帮助,或表示说话人愿意向对方提供无限量的帮助。
Let me know if you need help.
用some 则表示提供对方某种程度的、确定的帮助,或者表示期待肯定的回答。
Let me know if you need some help.
三、some和any的练习
填空:
1. I can see_____birds in the tree.
2. There isn't_____orange juice in my bottle. Please give me_____ .
3. —Do you have_____picture-books? —No, I don't have_____ . But I have_____story-books.
4. —Is there_____rice in the bag? —No, there isn't_____ .
5. —Are there_____boys in the classroom? —No, but there are_____girls in it.
6. —Which one can I take? —You may take_____one of them.
7. —Would you like_____fruit juice, please? —No. I'd like_____tea.
8. If you have_____questions, please put up your hands.
9. May I ask you_____questions, Miss Wang?
10. Can you see_____bikes under the tree?
答案:
1. some
2. any; some
3. any; any; some
4. any; any
5. any; some
6. any
7. some; some
8. any
9. some
10. any
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