新概念英语第二册精讲13课,逐句精讲新概念英语第二册:第40课进餐与交谈

Lesson40 Food and Talk
　　新概念2课文内容：
　　Last week at a dinner-party, the hostess asked me to sit next to Mrs Rumbold. Mrs Rumbold was a large, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress. She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her. Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was busy eating. I tried to make conversation. 'A new play is coming to" The Globe" soon,' I said. "Will you be seeing it ?"'No,'she answered. 'Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year?' I asked. 'No,' she answered. 'Will you be staying in England?' I asked. 'No,' she answered. In despair, I asked her whether she was enjoying her dinner. 'Young man,' she answered,'if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy your dinner !'
　　语法归纳：虚拟语气
　　一句话总结：虚拟语气只用于非真实条件句中，表达假设的或实现可能性不大的情况，通常表达的只是一种愿望、假设、怀疑或是推测。
　　条件从句时态→ 主句时态
　　与现在事实相反：一般过去时→ should / would / could / might + 动词原形
　　与将来事实相反：should.动词原形→ should / would / could / might + 动词原形
　　与过去事实相反：过去完成时→ should / would / could / might + have + 过去分词
　　If we left now, we should arrive at the Capital Airport on time.
　　如果我们现在就走，我们应该可以准时到达首都机场。
　　If it should rain tomorrow, we would call off the game.
　　明天万一下雨，我们就取消比赛。
　　新概念2逐句精讲笔记：
　　1. Last week at a dinner party, the hostess asked me to sit next to Mrs. Rumbold.
　　在上星期一次宴会上，女主人安排我坐在了兰伯尔德夫人的身旁。
　　语言点1 cocktail party 鸡尾酒会
　　birthday party 生日聚会
　　tea party 茶话会
　　dinner party 宴会
　　evening party 晚会
　　garden party 游园会
　　weekend party 周末晚会
　　Christmas party 圣诞晚会
　　语言点2 sit next to sb.坐在某人的旁边，相当于sit close to sb
　　2. Mrs. Rumbold was a large, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress.
　　兰伯尔德夫人是一位身材高大、表情严肃的女人，穿着一件紧身的黑衣服。
　　语言点1 large 和 unsmiling两个形容词修饰lady，作前置定语，而 in a tight black dress则是介词短语作后置定语修饰lady。
　　语言点2 修饰男人“胖”的词汇：strong，heavy，sturdy；修饰女人“胖”的词汇：large，plump。
　　3. She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her.
　　当我在她旁边坐下时，她甚至连头都没有抬一下。
　　语言点 look up意为“向上看”，请参考Lesson 15课文分析。
　　4. Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was busy eating.
　　她的眼睛盯着她的盘子，不一会儿就忙着吃起来了。
　　语言点1 fix on = stare at = gaze at = focus on 盯着
　　语言点2 busy表达某人忙于做某事时，常用以下两种表达：
　　1) be busy doing sth.
　　I am busy preparing supper.
　　我正在忙着准备晚饭。
　　2) be busy with / at sth.
　　The students are busy with / at their homework in the classroom.
　　学生们正在教室里忙着做家庭作业。
　　注意：在表示某人忙于做某事时，也可以用occupied代替busy。例：
　　Father was occupied / busy with cleaning the house.
　　父亲正在忙着清扫房屋。
　　5. I tried to make conversation.
　　我试图找个话题和她聊聊。
　　语言点 make conversation是指出于礼貌闲谈几句。

　　6. A new play is coming to “The Globe” soon , I said.‘Will you be seeing it ? ’
　　“一出新剧要在“环球剧院”上演了，”我说，“您去看吗？”
　　语言点 movie / play be coming to somewhere.是指某电演/戏剧即将在某地上演。
　　7. 'No,' she answered.
　　“不，”她回答。
　　语言点 请初学者特别注意英语中的回答方式必须前后一致：前肯后肯；前否后否。
　　——Have you eaten?
　　——Yes, I have eaten.
　　或 No，I have not eaten.
　　注意，Yes. I have not eaten.是错误的。
　　8. 'Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year?' I asked.
　　“您今年准备到国外去度假吗？”我问道。
　　语言点 will be spending是将来进行时，这时用将来进行时询问比用一般将来时在语气上要更加客气。
　　例：Will you be staying for our party?
　　你会留下来参加我们的晚会吗？
　　9. 'No,' she answered.
　　“不，”她回答。
　　语言点 参考上面第7句的分析。
　　10. 'Will you be staying in England ?'I asked.
　　“您就待在英国吗？”我问。
　　语言点 参考上面第8句的分析。
　　11. 'No,' she answered.
　　“不，”她回答。
　　语言点 参考上面第7句的分析。
　　12. In despair, I asked her whether she was enjoying her dinner.
　　失望之中我问她饭吃得是否满意。
　　语言点 whether在此引出间接引语，作“是否”讲。
　　13. 'Young man,'she answered,‘if you ate more and talked less,we would both enjoy our dinner
　　!’
　　“年轻人”她回答道，“假如你多吃点，少说点，我们两个都会吃得好的。”
　　语言点 这是一个标准的对当时情况进行假设的虚拟语气。
　　再例：If you helped me, I would be grateful.
　　如果你帮助我，我会感激你的。

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