诗大序（节选) Preface to the Book of Odes (excerpted) 诗者，志之所之也.在心为志，发言为诗。情动于中而形于言，言之不足，故嗟叹之；嗟叹之不足，故永歌之；永歌之不足，不知手之舞之，足之蹈之也。情发于声，声成文谓之音。治世之音安以乐，其政和；乱世之音怨以怒，其政乖；亡国之音哀以思，其民困。故正得失，动天地，感皂神，莫近于诗。先王以是经夫妇，成孝敬，厚人伦，美教化，移风俗。 The poem is that to which what is intently on the mind (志) goes. In the mind (心) it is “being iment”（志)；coming out in language (言)，it is a poerru The affection (情）are stirred within and take on form (形) in words (言). IT words alone are inadequate, we speak them out in sighs. If sighing is inadequate, we sing them. If singing them is inadequate, unconsciously our hands dance them and our fe^t tap them. The affection （情） emerge in sounds; when those scnmds have patterning (文)，they are called “tones” . The tones of a well-managed age are at rest and happy;its government is balanced. The tones of an age of turmoil are bitter and full of anger; its government is perverse. The tones of a ruined state are filled with lament and brooding; its people are in difficulty. Thus to correct (正） [the presentation of]achievements (得) and failures, lo move Heaven and Earth, to stir the gods and spirits, there is nothing more apposite than poetry. By it the former kings managed the relations between husbands and wives, perfected the respect due to parents and superiors, gave depth to human relations, beautifully taught and transformed the people, and changed local customs. 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/e948725f24fff705cc1755270722192e453658a9.html