【#英语口语# 导语】托福口语考试是对考生英语素质的考察,不仅要求考生会说,还要能用自己的语言来表达思想,其评分更是基于内容的逻辑展开和具体细节的表述,其次才是流利度、发音。以下是©文档大全网整理的托福口语备考有什么重点,欢迎阅读!
1.托福口语备考有什么重点
托福口语考试是对考生英语素质的考察,不仅要求考生会说,还要能用自己的语言来表达思想,其评分更是基于内容的逻辑展开和具体细节的表述最重要,其次才是流利,发音能让人听懂就可以。
在平时的托福口语备考中要注意思维逻辑,语言组织和词句质量,可组建一个资料库,毕竟15秒的准备时间太仓促,可将回答像写作文一样,一字一句的写下来并修改语病,随后大声读熟,再重新回答问题。
当然,标准的发音和语音语调也能为口语考试加分。考生也可将自己的口语表达录音,然后与标准的美音进行对比,从连读、元音发音、停顿等方面进行纠正。
综合口语任务的难点在于理解、记录听力内容,并用自己的话做口语复述,也就是我们常说的paraphrase (意译)。可以先锻炼自己听抄、听记的能力,然后练习将记录的信息用口语自然的表述。
每道题按此方法反复练习几遍,必会听力和口语表达能力。托福口语备考中要注重日常、校园生活场景以及学术场景。考生可以就现有的托福口语教材为依据,直接对口语题目中的文稿做出总结归纳、口语复述。
2.托福口语的信号词
1.显示相同信息的信号词
There has been an upsurge of interest in chamber music. Likewise opera is receiving a boost from increased record sales.
“likewise”这一信号词显示了前面所提到的idea后面还要再一次出现。因此,阅读时见到这样的信号词无须放慢阅读速度。这样的信号词还包括:
and, furthermore, more, than, that, also, likewise, moreover, in addition, what is more, for instance, for example
2.显示思路转折的信号词
I’d like to go but I’m too busy.
“but”前后是完全不同的信息描述,它向读者显示了作者的思路在这里有了转折。阅读时,碰到这样的信号词我们需放慢阅读速度,以准确获取作者真正想要说明的意思。这类信号词还有:
although, however, on the contrary, but, in spite of, otherwise, despite, nevertheless, yet
3.显示因果关系的信号词
As a result of the pilots’ strike, all flights have had to be cancelled.
All flights have had to be cancelled as a result of the pilots’ strike.
所有航班被取消的原因是因为飞行员们的罢工;飞行员们的罢工导致了所有的航班不得不被取消。显示因果关系的信号词还有:
for, thus, because, for this reason, so, therefore, as, since, consequently
4.显示顺序的信号词
Internet speeds communication between companies, among co-workers through video-conferences, and among other individuals. First, media companies use the Internet for online news, or to broadcast audio and video, including live radio and television programs, while individuals use the Internet for communication, entertainment, finding information, buying and selling goods and services. Second, the notion of distance disappears thanks to the Internet. People also enjoy instant messaging to exchange text messages or pictures in real time, with real-time video and sound. Finally, scientists and scholars use the Internet to perform research, distribute lecture notes or course materials to students, they communicate with colleagues, and can also publish papers and articles.
抓住了这样的信号词就把握住了作者叙述的顺序,也就分清了相对独立的论据。这样的信号词包括:
first, second, third, and so on, then, after, before, next, last, afterward, finally.
5.表示结论/总结的信号词
In conclusion, I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.
词组“in conclusion”前面所提到的一些信息将在这里被归纳总结。读到带有这样的信号词或短语的句子时,应格外留心注意,它们往往会向我们提示相关段落的核心信息。表示结论或总结的信号词和短语还有:
as a result, finally, therefore, accordingly, in short, thus, consequently, in conclusion, so, in brief, in a word.
3.托福口语比较形式的句子
1. She is no less diligent than her elder sister. 她和她姐姐一样用功。
2. One minute too late is no more in time than half an hour (is). 迟到一分钟与迟到半小时同样是不准时。
3. His strength is superior to mine. 他的力气比我大。
4. Colored people are by no means inferior to white people. 有色人种丝毫不比白人低劣。
5. My arrival in New York is posterior to that of my friend. 我比我朋友后到纽约。
6. We love truth above everything else. 我们热爱真理甚与一切。
7. It is worth next to nothing. 那几乎一钱不值。
8.I would do anything before that. 我什么都肯做,就是不愿做那件事。
9. Easier said than done. 说易做难。
10. I like that best of all / least of all. 我最喜欢/不喜欢那个。
11. I can’t think of a better idea. 我想不出比这个的了。
12. No other book has had a greater influence on my life. 任何其它的书对我一生的影响都没有这本书大。
13. Nothing is so easy as this. 没有比这更容易的事了。
14. The more a men knows, the more he discovers his ignorance. 一个人懂得越多,越发现自己无知。
15. So much the worse. 更加不妙。
16. Better late than never. 迟做比不做好。
17. Better to do well than to say well. 说得好不如做得好。
18. I would sooner die than do such a thing. 我宁死不做此事。
19. Wise men love truth, whereas fools shun it. 聪明人热爱真理,而愚人逃避真理。
4.托福口语中的连接词
(1)表选择关系或对等关系的连接词:either…or…,neither…nor, or, as well as…, and, both…and…。
(2)表因果关系或对等关系的连接词:therefore, so, as a result, as the result of …,because of, due to …,owing to, thanks to等。
(3)表时间顺序的连接词:the moment, as soon as, at first, then, later, meanwhyle, at the beginning, in the end, before long, for the first(second…)time, the minute等。
(4)表转折关系的连接词:yet, and yet, but , while, on the contrary, on the other hand, however, at the same time(然而)等。
(5)表解释说明的连接词:that is, that is to say, in other words, such as, for instance, and so on, etc. and the like等。
(6)表递进关系的连接词:not only…but (also), what,s more, what's worse, besides, in addition, worse still, moreover, above all等。
(7)表示总结的连接词:in a word, on the whole, in short, briefly, in brief, to sum up, in all等。
5.托福口语与雅思口语的对比
托福的口语考试因为没有考官的参与,整个的考察过程更类似于一个presentation,考生只要围绕考题进行回答,整个的回答过程都不会被打扰。
但是,在雅思口语考试中,侧重进行考察的是conversation,即真实的交流,交谈能力。
我们发现,雅思的口语部分一般由考官来主导考察过程。考官的作用体现在两方面:
1.当考生由于紧张等原因无法发挥出水平时,考官会尽量提供帮助,诱导该考生发挥出真实的水平。
2.当考生对考题作了充分的研究准备,并按照事先准备的回答流畅的进行背诵时,考官会主动打断该考生的背诵,且有意转换到生僻话题。目的仍然是要考察该考生真实的英语水平。
由此可知,在雅思口语考试中,侧重进行考察的是conversation,即真实的交流,交谈能力。但是,托福的口语考试与此恰恰相反。因为没有考官的参与,整个的考察过程更类似于一个presentation,考生只要围绕考题进行回答,整个的回答过程都不会被打扰。这就意味着:提前准备好回答的模板,完全可以大大减低口语回答的难度。
托福口语备考有什么重点.doc
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