2018高考英语阅读,2018考博英语阅读经济学人文章每日精析之保护稀有物种

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　　导读

　　狐獴，头尾长42-60厘米，是一种小型的哺乳动物。体形粗笨。四肢短，后足具5趾，趾间有蹼;尾长而圆，约为体长的2/3，上被小鳞片及稀疏的毛。背部毛色黑褐，杂以黄色毛尖，绒毛为深咖啡色;尾两色，上面棕黑色，尾基部和下部为淡黄色。

　　栖息于草原和开阔平原地区，分布量取决于土壤类型，以热带坚硬的土壤为乐土，主要分布于陆地生物群落的沙漠或沙丘。

　　Preserving rare specie

　　保护珍稀物种

　　A wild idea about paying for conservatio

　　一个疯狂的想法，为自然保护买单

　　Might those who profit from images of wildlife be induced to help save it?

　　或许那些从野生动物的照片中盈利的人应该为保护它们出一份力?

　　Aug 3rd 2017

　　MEERKATS are endearing creatures. Indeed, they are so endearing that they have been turned into characters in a long-running series of advertisements on British television for a price-comparison website. But nothing comes from nothing. Thirty years ago, few non-zoologists would have heard of these social mongooses and the joke would not have worked. The animals were brought to public prominence by a television documentary, “Meerkats United”, which described the doings of a group of them in the Kalahari, where they live. That documentary relied, in turn, on a research project run by David Macdonald, a zoologist at Oxford University. In essence, meerkats as a cultural phenomenon were created by this project.

　　猫鼬(狐獴)是讨人喜欢的生物。确实，它们太可爱了以至于为英国电视上的一个关于比价网页的长系列广告代言。但是无风不起浪。三十年前，很少会有非动物学家听说过这些群居的猫鼬，这个笑话也并未起什么作用。这些动物通过一档电视纪录片“狐獴国度”进入了人们的视野，这档纪录片描述了生活于喀拉哈里沙漠的猫鼬群的生活习性。纪录片依据牛津大学的David Macdonald教授所研究的项目。猫鼬也大体是因这个项目而成为一种文化现象。

　　Had that creation been purely artistic, it would be protected by copyright. Royalties derived from such copyright might then have been used for further study and conservation of the animals in question. Sadly for zoologists, the natural world is not covered by copyright and no royalties have ensued. But Dr Macdonald and two colleagues, Caroline Good and Dawn Burnham, writing in Animals, still wonder if those who profit by cultural representations of wildlife might sometimes be induced to contribute a sliver of their profits to the conservation of the animals so represented.(读者试译)

　　如果这种创造是纯粹的艺术的话，它将受到版权的保护。由这种版权而衍生出版税可被由于进一步的研究和保护处于困境中的动物。对于动物学家来说，遗憾的是自然世界并为被版权所覆盖并且没有版权费。(期待您的翻译，明天会有针对这句话的长难句解析哟~)

　　Ensue ： v. 跟着发生，接着发生;继起

　　A sliver of ： 一点点

　　Rather than the meerkat, the three researchers take as their example a species with a longer history of public perception, the lion. Another project in which Dr Macdonald is involved is a study of lions in Zimbabwe. This was in the news recently when one of the animals being followed was shot, legally, by an American hunter after it had strayed out of a protected area. Lots of other lions are killed illegally, though—a phenomenon that might be reduced if more people were paid to protect them.

　　不只是猫鼬，这三位研究员还将一种公众视野中历史更久的物种——狮子作为研究的例子。Macdonald博士另一个有关研究狮子的课题是在Zimbabwe进行的。这是近期新闻报道中提到的，一个从保护区中跑出来的狮子被美国猎人“合法地”枪杀看。然而许多其他的狮子被非法捕杀，如果更多的人被雇佣来保护它们，那么这一现象可能会减少。

　　Stray ： vi. 流浪;迷路;偏离

　　Going for the throat, as it were, the three researchers observe that the English Premier League, the richest in soccer, has a crowned lion as its logo. They suggest that if the league chipped in, say, ￡1 ($1.30), for each of the 5m T-shirts sold every year bearing this logo, that would buy a lot of local recruits to lion-protection schemes in places where lions are under threat. It would also, they imagine, buy a lot of good publicity for the league itself.

　　正如，一语中的，这三位研究人员发现足球界最富有的英国超级联赛用加冕的狮子作为标志。他们认为如果联赛每年为卖出的印有这一标志的五百万T恤集资，每一件一英镑(1.30美元)，那么这些钱可以在狮子受到威胁的地方招募很多当地的人员加入到狮子保护计划中去，也将会为联赛本身带来很好的宣传效果。

　　Chip in ： 捐助;插嘴

　　如果联赛肯接受的话，那这个想法很可能奏效。但是在选择这种商业冒险的合作者时，谨慎一些是明智的。自然资源保护主义者认为他们在2014年做了件好事，在当地研究人员的要求下，巴西世界杯的吉祥物被选为三色犰狳。开始，提议由FIFA(国际足联)即世界足球管理机构以及巴西政府共同为保护犰狳栖息地出资，比赛中每一次进球得分，他们都会出资保护1000公顷的犰狳栖息地。吉祥物的衍生品被称为Fuleco，是“Futebol”和“Ecologia”的合成词，筹集到了数百万美元。然而，自然资源保护者仍然在等着他们过但被搁置下来的森林。FIFA和政府被其他的问题所困扰，似乎已经忘了这个想法。

　　Amenable ： adj. 有责任的，应服从的;有义务的;经得起检验的

　　Conservationists ： 自然资源保护者

　　Behest ： n. 命令;邀请;请求

　　Mascot ： n. 吉祥物;福神

　　Three-banded armadillo ： n. [脊椎] 三色犰狳

　　At the outset ： 开始;起初

　　Hectare ： n. 公顷(等于1万平方米)

　　Dub ： vt. 配音;轻点;打击;授予称号

　　Fuleco ： 福来哥

　　Portmanteau ： n. 旅行皮箱;混成词

　　Futebol ： 巴西足球

　　Ecologia ： 生态

　　Beset ： vt. 困扰;镶嵌;围绕

　　Woes ： n. 悲哀，悲痛;灾难

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