新概念英语第三册逐句精讲:第17课:新概念英语第三册逐句精讲:第40课:真假难辨

Lesson40Who's Who 真假难辨
　　新概念3课文内容：
　　It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else. Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: the hoax. Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in. Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victims. When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill. As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously. He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people. Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.
　　The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on. Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away. When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force. The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help. Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen. As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill. The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost his temper. He threatened to call the police. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.
　　新概念英语3逐句精讲：
　　1.It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else.
　　谁也弄不清为什么大学生好像比任何人都更喜欢恶作剧。
　　语言点1:it是形式主语，真正的主语是why引导的从句。
　　语言点2:university student的意思是“大学生”。
　　2.Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: the hoax.
　　大学生擅长一种特殊的恶作剧—戏弄人。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:冒号之后的内容起进一步解释说明的作用。
　　3.Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in.
　　请消防队来扑灭一场根本没有的大火是一种低级骗局，有自尊心的大学生决不会去做。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:inviting…a nonexistent fire是现在分词短语，作主语。Which引导定语从句，修饰deception。
　　4.Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victims.
　　大学生们常常做的是制造一种可笑的局面，使大家笑上一场，当然受害者是笑不出来的。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:which引导定语从句，修饰situations,说明“是…的局面”。
　　语言点2:victim表示“受害者”。
　　5.When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill.
　　最近有个学生看见两个工人在学校门外用风钻干活，马上打电话报告警察，说有两个学生装扮成工人，正在用风钻破坏路面。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:when引导时间状语从句。saw two workmen using为“感官动词+v.ing”结构，表示“看到了整个动作的全过程”。

　　6.As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously.
　　挂上电话后，他又马上来到工人那儿，告诉他们若有个警察来让他们走开，不要把他当回事。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:as soon as引导时间状语从句。That引导宾语从句，交代told的内容。
　　语言点2:take sb.seriously的意思是“严肃地对待某人”。
　　7.He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people.
　　还对工人说，有个学生常装扮成警察无聊地同别人开玩笑。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:that引导宾语从句，说明added的内容。
　　8.Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.
　　警察与工人都对那个学生事先通报情况表示感谢。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:本句的核心结构是sb.be grateful to sb.for sth.(某人因某事而感激某人)。
　　9.The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on.
　　那个学生躲在附近一拱形的门廊里，在那儿可以看见、听到现场发生的一切。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:where引导定语从句，修饰archway,注意并不是修饰副词nearby。That也引导定语从句，修饰everything。
　　10.Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away.
　　果然，警察来了，不礼貌地请工人离开此地。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:sure enough的意思是“果不其然”。
　　11.When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force.
　　但其中一个工人粗鲁地回了几句。于是警察威胁要强行使他们离开。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:when引导时间状语从句。
　　语言点2:threaten by force的意思是“严厉警告”。
　　12.The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help.
　　工人说，悉听尊便。警察去打电话叫人。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:as引导方式状语从句。
　　语言点2:telephoned for help的意思是“打电话请求支援”。
　　13.Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen.
　　一会儿工夫，又来了4个警察，规劝工人离开。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:and连接警察“来了”和“规劝”这两个先后发生的动作。
　　14.As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill.
　　由于工人拒绝停下手中的活，警察想夺风钻。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:as引导原因状语从句，说明警察想夺风钻的原因。
　　15.The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost his temper.
　　两个工人奋力抗争，其中一个发了火。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:and连接两个并列关系的简单句。
　　语言点2: lost his temper意思是“发火，发脾气”。
　　16. He threatened to call the police.
　　威胁说要去叫警察。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:动词不定式短语to call the police作宾语。
　　17. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest.
　　警察听后讥讽地说，这大可不必，因为他俩已被逮捕了。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:at this相当于at that situation，是“在这种情况下”的意思。That引导宾语从句，交代pointed out的内容。As引导原因状语从句。
　　18. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station.
　　其中一个工人装模作样地问道，在被带往警察局之前，是否可以打一个电话。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:if引导宾语从句，说明asked的内容。Before引导时间状语从句。
　　19. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone.
　　警察同意了，陪他来到一个投币地电话前。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:被动语态was granted用来强调警察的强硬态度。
　　语言点2:accompany sb.to的意思是“陪着某人去…”。
　　20. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.
　　当他看到那个工人真的是给警察挂电话，才恍然大悟，原来他们都成一场骗局的受害者。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:第一个that引导宾语从句，说明saw的内容。第二个that引导宾语从句，交代realise的内容。

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