新概念英语第三册逐句精讲:第17课:新概念英语第三册逐句精讲:第27课不买也不卖

lesson27 Nothing to Sell and Nothing to Buy 不买也不卖
　　新概念3课文内容：
　　It has been said that everyone lives by selling something. In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge,philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us. There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell.
　　Tramps seem to be the only exception to his general rule. Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by. But real tramps are not beggars. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him. He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences. He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but he is free form the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people. His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease. By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do. He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom. We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?
　　新概念英语3逐句精讲：
　　1.It has been said that everyone lives by selling something.
　　据说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:it是形式主语，that引导的从句才是真正的主语。
　　2.In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge,philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort.
　　根据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，哲学家靠卖智慧为生，牧师靠卖精神安慰为生。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:philosophers和priests后面都承前省略了live,为了避免重复。
　　3.Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us.
　　虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡量，但要估算别人为我们为所提供的服务的价值却是极其困难的。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:though引导让步状语从句，交代“先决条件是…”。主句中的which引导定语从句，修饰services。
　　4. There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service.
　　有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所占有的一切。但就在外科大夫给我们提供了这种服务后，我们却可能为所支付的昂贵的费用而抱怨。
　　语言点:a high fee 高昂的费用
　　5. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop.
　　社会上的情况就是如此，技术是必须付钱去买的，就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:such后面的that引导同位语从句，such是代词。这个从句中的that引导的是一个定语从句，说明是“什么样的方法”。
　　6. Everyone has something to sell.
　　人人都有东西可以出售。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:动词不定式to sell充当something的后置定语。
　　7.Tramps seem to be the only exception to his general rule.
　　在这条普遍的规律前面，好像只有流浪汉是个例外。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:to his general rule作证句子的补充状语。
　　8.Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by.
　　乞丐出售的几乎是他本人，以引起过路人的怜悯。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:to arouse the pity of passers-by是动词不定时短语，作目的状语，即“出售本人的目的是引起过路人的怜悯”。

　　9.But real tramps are not beggars.
　　但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:这句话由but引导，是对上句内容的转折。
　　10. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others.
　　他们既不出售任何东西，也不需要从别人那儿得到任何东西。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:to sell作nothing的后置定语。两个简单句由and连接。
11. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity.
　　在追求独立自由的同时，他们并不牺牲为人的尊严。
　　语言点:句子结构分析: in seeking…为固定搭配，意思是“在追求…的过程中”。
　　12. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him.
　　游浪汉可能会向你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:这个句子由两个并列的分句构成，两个分句中各含有一个重要短语ask sb.for sth.(向某人索要某物)，ask sb.to do sth.(要求某人做某事)。
　　13.He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences.
　　他是故意在选择过那种生活的，并完全清楚以这种方式生活的后果。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:he leads作life的定语从句，前面省去了关系代词that。
　　14.He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but he is free form the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people.
　　他可能从不知道下顿饭有无着落，但他不像有人那样被千万桩愁事所折磨。
　　语言点:句子结构分析: where the next meal is coming from是谓语be sure所指的内容，即宾语从句。Which引导定语从句，修饰anxieties,指“…的烦心事”。
　　15.His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease.
　　他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够轻松自如地在各地奔波。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是to move from place to place with ease。
　　语言点2:with ease相当于easily。
　　16. By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do.
　　由于被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离大自然近得多。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:by having to sleep in the open是介词短语，作原因状语，意即“由于不得不露宿”。Get close to的意思是“接近…”。Get far closer to…than…的意思是“比…接近…得多”。Do代替get close to the world of nature。
　　17. He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom.
　　为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶尔偷上一两回；确实需要的时候，他甚至可能干一点儿活，但他决不会牺牲自由。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:句中两个分获表明这桑简单句均为并列关系。
　　18. We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?
说起流浪汉，我们常常带有轻蔑并把他们与乞丐归为一类。但是，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说我们对流浪汉的简朴生活与无忧无虑的境况不感到有些羡慕呢？
　　语言点:句子结构分析:as beggars是class的定语。这里的as是关系代词，意思是“他们和乞丐归为同一类”。Their freedom from care的意思是“他们的无忧无虑”，freedom from care相当于free from care,只是由于句子结构和对词性的要求而把free改为freedom。

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