2018年考研英语翻译:2018考研英语翻译技巧：结构转换

(1)句子成分的转换

　　1)非主语译成主语

　　经典例题: Since the invention of the transistor at the Bell Telephone Laboratories in1984，it has found its way into varied applications in the commercial，industrial and military fields.

　　参考译文: 自从1984年贝尔电话研究所发明晶体管以来，晶体管的种种应用已遍及商业、工业和军事各个领域。(状语译成主语) 经典例题: Television is different from radio in that it sends and receives pictures. 参考译文: 电视和无线电的不同点在于电视能收发图像。(表语译成主语)

　　经典例题: Matter is usually electrically neutral，that is，it has as many protons，as electrons. 参考译文: 物质通常是不带电的，就是说，它的质子和电子数量是相等的。(宾语译成主语)

　　2)非谓语译成谓语 经典例题: There is a need for improvement in your study habits. 参考译文: 你的学习习惯需要改进。(主语译成谓语)

　　3)非宾语译成宾语

　　经典例题: He is admired by everybody. 参考译文: 大家都很钦佩他。(主语译成宾语)

　　经典例题: Materials to be used for structural purpose are chosen so as to behave elastically in the environmental condition. 参考译文: 用于结构上的材料必须选择得使它们在周围环境条件下具有弹性。(状语译成宾语)

　　4)非状语译成状语

　　经典例题: He drew a deep breath.

　　参考译文: 他深深地吸了一口气。(定语译成状语)

　　经典例题: Pictures show him in the company of men like Churchill，Einstein and Gandhi. 参考译文: 在这些照片中我们可以看到他和邱吉尔、爱因斯坦、甘地这些人的交往。(主语译成状语)

　　(2)基本句型的转化

　　1)简单句转换成复合句

　　经典例题: At the slightest improvement in my work they would show warm approval. 参考译文 我工作稍有进步，他们就热情肯定。

　　2)复合句转换成简单句

　　经典例题： This causes the construction of gigantic buildings where too large masses of human beings are crowded together. 参考译文: 这样就盖起了许多人聚居的高楼大厦。

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