1. What is the nature of translation? The nature of translation is paraphrasing, or transferring the original (source language -- SL) meaning to the target language (TL). Translation is always meaning-based. 2. What is the most influential and most popular criterion of translation in China? P.3 pressiveness and elegance (“信、达、雅”) – a most influential and most popular criterion of translation– that is first advocated by Yan Fu (严复). 3. What is the criterion of CET adopted in this course-book by Chen Hongwei and Li Yadan? P.5/7 “Similarity in function and corresponding in meaning” (功能相似，语义相符) is what is adopted as the Criteria of CET in this course-book by Chen Hongwei and Li Yadan. 4.What types of culture are there? There are 3 types of “culture” defined by 邢福义, which are: material culture, institutional culture and mental culture.. 5.What kinds of scritpt are Chinese and English respectively? Chinese is an ideographic one / ideographic-oriented syllabic script (表意音节文字) , while English is an alphabetic script, formed by the combination of one or more of the 26 English letters. 6.What is the reason leading to cultural shock, simentically? P.34- Simentically, semantic non-correspondence (语义相异) and semantic zero (语义空缺) are the very reasons leading to the so-called cultural shock . 7.What is text? What are its unique features: Text(语篇) is a semantic unit expressing a holistic concept. Coherence(衔接) & consistency(连贯) are its unique features. 8.心有余而力不足。 One’s ability falls short of one’s wishes. 9.您的建议我会永远铭记在心。 I will always bear your advice in mind. 10.得人心者得天下。 Those who gain popularity among the people will gain the power. 11.哀莫大于心死。 The greatest despair comes from a devastated heart. 12.治国/家/病/水 administer a country manage a household cure disease tame rivers 13.基本工资/建设/设施/利益 basic wage capital construction infrastructure fundamental interest 14.箱子里已经没有地方了。 There is no more space in the chest. 15.费孝通(社会学家、人类学家、民族学家) 在80寿辰聚会上，曾经意味深长地讲了一句16字箴言： “各美其美，美人之美，美美与共，天下大同。” Mr. Fei Xiaotong (a sociologist, anthropologist and ethnologist as well) once uttered a significant maxim at his 80th birthday party: “Every country will by rights treasure her own civilization, and if each is willing to cherish that of the other and when all are ready to share with each other their own civilizations, then a truly harmonious world will come into being.” 16.只有冷静才能成功。 Success depends on calm minds. 17.学习的敌人是自己的满足，要认真学一点东西必须从不自满开始。 Complacency is the enemy of study. We cannot learn anything until we rid ourselves of complacency. 18.那不是明朝的建筑。 That is anything but a building of the Min Dynasty. 19.欲速则不达。 More haste, less speed. 20.不破不立，不塞不流，不止不行，它们之间的斗争是生死斗争。 There is no construction without destructionm, no flowing without damming, and no motion without rest; the two are locked in life-and-death struggle. 21.动物没有水就不能生存，植物没有水也不能生长。 Animals cannot live without water, neither can plants grow.. 22.上海男人聪明、务实，有时也相当圆滑。最令人印象深刻的是，上海男人在事业上有进取心，对家庭有很强的责任感，而且尊重女性。 P.127 Shanghai men are smart and practical and even slippery, but what impressive most is that they are aggressive in their career and responsible to their families and respectful to their females. 23.在四川西部，有一美妙去处。 它背依岷山主峰雪宝顶，树木苍翠、花香袭人，鸟声婉啭，流水潺潺。它就是松潘县的黄龙。 P.132 One of Sichuan’s fine spots is Huanglong, which lies in Song Pan County, just beneath XueBao, the main peak of the MinShan Mountain. It has lush green forests filled with fragrant flowers, bubbling streams and songbirds. 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/48bc1bf8b2717fd5360cba1aa8114431b90d8eca.html