新东方新概念英语第三册 百度网盘_新东方新概念英语第三册笔记第3课(2):课文讲解

Text 课文

　　How did the archaeologists know that the statue was a goddess?
　　Some time ago, an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island
　　of Kea.

　　some time 1>经过若干时间 2>在未来的某时
　　sometime adv.在某一时候, 曾经, 有一天
　　sometimes adv.不时, 有时
　　中文习惯用主动语态。
　　英文习惯用被动语态。以事件、结果、影响、效果为主语，强调对客观事实的陈述。
　　
　　An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of
　　Ayia Irini.
　　which引导定语从句，修饰限定temple。（which = that）
　　stand(不及物) = lie(不及物) 位于
　　= situate(及物) 使位于, 使处于
　　= locate(及物) 使...坐落于, 位于
　　which stands in... = which lies in… = which is located in… = which is situated in...
　　Stand 1 >身高 2>表示高高坐落于, 矗立于
　　-- She stands 1.75m. 她身高1.75米
　　-- A great tree stands on the mount. 一棵大树竖立在山上。
　　
　　The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization.
　　for?引导原因状语从句：对主句的附加说明和解释，提供更多的信息。
　　because?引导原因状语从句：强调原因。
　　-- The day broke for the birds were singing.
　　at?one?time 表达曾经, 一度（过去时态的标志, = once）
　　must?have?been?对过去事实肯定的推测
　　enjoyed?a?high?level?of?civilization 享有高度文明
　　
　　Houses -- often three storeys high -- were built of stone. They had large rooms with
　　beautifully decorated walls.
　　With… 具有…
　　-- a young man with broad shoulders / an old lady with black hair
　　beautifully?decorated 过去分词做定语
　　-- a?beautifully?dressed?lady?衣着漂亮的女士
　　-- a?deserted?car park 废弃的停车场
　　-- a?white?painted?door 被刷成白色的门
　　现在分词做定语, 被修饰词与修饰词之间为逻辑主动关系
　　-- a boy climbing the tree 正在爬树的男孩
　　-- the students reading in the room 正在房间里读书的学生
　　
　　The city was equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found
　　beneath the narrow streets.
　　be?equipped?with 配备, 装备 （equip vt.装备, 配备）
　　air conditioning 空气调节装置 / air conditioner 空气调节机, 空调设备
　　-- The car was equipped with air conditioning.
　　for?引导原因状语从句
　　在正下方：Beneath = under?
　　-- beneath the narrow streets = under the narrow streets
　　-- He is standing under/beneath the umbrella.
　　在进行中：只能用under
　　-- under control 控制之中 / under discussion 讨论之中 / under?repairs修理之中
　　below 在下方（强调在斜下方）
　　-- She is sitting below the window
　　　　The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the
　　fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times.
　　be?used?as / be?used?to?be 把…用作为
　　-- The box was used as a desk in the small village school.
　　-- The wooden box was used as a bookcase.
　　be?used?to do 被用来做…
　　-- The wooden box is used to contain books
　　
　　In the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found.
　　Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted.
　　represent? vt.代表
　　-- I represent all the classmates.
　　
　　The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C.
　　dating?现在分词, 修饰remains
　　date from = date back to （开始于…, 起始于…）
　　-- The custom dating from 1990. （custom n.习惯, 风俗）
　　-- The tradition dates from the time when his grandfather was young.
　　-- The castle dates from the 14th century. = The castle dates back to the 14th century.
　　 城堡建造于14世纪
　　
　　Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C.
　　happen?to 偶然, 碰巧（强调事情的偶然发生）
　　-- I happen to have driven that kind of car. 我恰巧开过那种车。
　　-- He happened to find the ticket in his pocket.
　　It?happens?that +从句
　　-- It happened that I met her on my way to work.
　　= I happened to meet her on my way work.
　　happen?on 碰巧碰上
　　-- I happened on this old picture in the back of the drawer.
　　 我偶然的在抽屉的背面发现了这张旧照片。
　　-- Guess, who did I happen on while I was in London last month?
　　
　　This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved.
　　It was very old and precious even then.
　　
　　When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the
　　goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman.
　　Reconstruct = put together, piece together, restore（vt.恢复, 使回复）
　　Amazed = very much surprised
　　surprised > astonished > amazed > astounded 感到惊讶（语气递增）
　　
　　to find... / to discover... / to realize... / to see…
　　-- I‘m not surprised to see you here
　　
　　1> turn?out…（表示结果）结果是, 原来是 （= prove, 都表示系动词）
　　turn out (to be)+ n./adj.
　　-- The concert turned out to be a failure.
　　-- Our party turned out (to be) a success. 我们的聚会非常的成功。
　　2> It turned out + that从句 （it作形式主语）
　　It turned out +其它名词从句
　　-- It turned out that the diamonds had been in the bank all the time.
　　 原来钻石一直都在银行里保存着。
　　-- It turned out that his statement was false. 原来他的话是假的。
　　3> as it turns out… 后来人们发现…
　　-- As it turned out, there was no need to worry. 后来人们发现, 没有必要担心。
　　-- As it turned out, the report was mistaken. 后来人们发现, 报告被弄错了
　　
　　She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips.
　　rest on v.被搁在, 停留在, 信赖
　　= depend on（依靠, 依赖）/ lean on（靠着）
　　-- His hand rested lightly on my shoulder
　　
　　She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground.
　　which?swept?the?ground 近一步说明拖地的，拽地的
　　
　　Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been
　　unable to discover her identity.
　　But, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.
　　= It is still a problem for the archaeologists up to now.
　　Despite = in?spite?of?（两者都是介词），后面+?名词/动名词
　　so?far, up?to?now 完成时的标志
　　discover her identity = find out her identity

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