新东方新概念英语第三册 百度网盘-新东方新概念英语第三册笔记第4课(2):课文讲解

Text 课文

　　Why did Alf want a white-collar job?
　　These days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who
　　work in offices.
　　people who do manual work = blue-collar workers
　　people who do mental work = white-collar workers = people who work in offices
　　for more money（far副词用来加强语气= much）
　　
　　People who work in offices are frequently referred to as "white-collar workers‘ for the
　　simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work.
　　refer?to...as?=?regard...as 把...看作为
　　-- I?always?refer?to?him?as?bookworm（n.书呆子）
　　for the simple reason = for? 引导的原因状语从句
　　for?the?reason?that多用于正式文体，because多用于口语中。
　　-- He is refer to as a book worm for the simple reason that he spare no efforts reading.
　　-- He was send to prison for he could not pay his debts.
　　
　　Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for
　　the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.
　　human?nature 人性
　　such...that... （that引导同位语从句, 进一步补充说明such的基本内涵）
　　-- His kindness was such that we will never forget him.
　　= Such?was?his?kindness that… （such在句首要倒装）
　　= He was so kind that we will never forget him.
　　-- Such is human nature that we want to get a lot of things free.
　　介词for表示一种目的
　　be?willing?to?do?sth = be?ready?to?do?sth 心甘情愿做
　　
　　This can give rise to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as
　　a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.
　　give?rise?to =（lead to v.导致, 通向）（cause vt.引起, 惹起）（result?in v.导致）
　　-- Such conduct might give rise to misunderstandings. 这种行为会引起误解。
　　
　　-- The bad conditions have given rise to a lot of crimes. 不良的环境引起了犯罪。
　　
　　in?the?case?of 就...来说, 关于, 就...而言 （= concerning prep.关于, 涉及, 就...说）
　　-- Stealing is no shame in the case of him. 偷窃对他来说不是一件可耻的事。
　　in?case?of（副词）万一, 以防 à （in case conj.万一）
　　-- You should ensure your house in case of fire. （ensure vt.保证; 担保, 保险）
　　-- Take umbrella in case of rain 带上雨伞以防下雨。
　　who引导定语从句
　　
　　When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job.
　　too?embarrassed?to?say 太尴尬而没有说明
　　be ashamed of 感到羞愧, 惭愧
　　-- Alf was ashamed of his job as a dustman.
　　marry 强调动作 （-- He?married?the?girl. 他娶了这个女孩。）
　　get married 强调过程（-- Last year they got married.）
　　be?married?to?sb 强调状态（-- The old man has been married to his wife for 50 years.）
　　
　　He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation.
　　Simply 副词--用来修饰限定动词told
　　
　　Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit.
　　dressed?in?a?smart?black?suit --形容词短语表示一种状态 打方框代表有问题
　　-- He go to work dressed in a beautiful coat.
　　-- He left home wearing a smart black suit.
　　
　　He then changed into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman.
　　changed?into 换上 / change back into 换回
　　
　　Before returning home at night. He took a shower and changed back into his suit.
　　Before returning home = Before he returned home
　　Before和动名词搭配, 相当于Before引导的时间状语从句。
　　如果运用动名词形式，动名词的逻辑主语必须是主句的主语
　　-- After getting home, he had a good rest.
　　-- Before having dinner, he finished all his homework.
　　
　　Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret.
　　
　　Alf‘s wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf
　　has just found another job. He will soon be working in an office.
　　she never will = she will never discover the secret
　　在省略句式中, never要放在助动词之前
　　-- “will you go to see her?”
　　-- “I will never to to see her" = "No, I never will."
　　
　　He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well
　　worth the loss of money.
　　half as much as
　　half / a?quarter / twice / three?times + as...as... 表示倍数
　　-- I won‘t marry a man who is twice as old as me.
　　-- We got three times as many people as we expected.
　　-- This room is about three times as large as that one.
　　是...的几倍：...as +形容词或副词原形+ as...
　　比...多几倍：...times +形容词或副词比较级+ than…
　　-- This road is four times longer than that one. = This?road?is?five?times?as?long?as?that?one.
　　
　　What he obtained is well worth the loss of time. 他的所得是值得花时间的。
　　well?副词用来加强语气, 修饰形容词worth
　　
　　From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him ‘Mr. Bloggs‘, not ‘Alf‘.

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