新概念英语第三册逐句精讲:第17课-新概念英语第三册逐句精讲:第56课河流我们的邻居

Lesson56 Our Neighbour, the River 河流，我们的邻居
　　新概念3课文内容：
　　The river which forms the eastern boundary of our farm has always played an important part in our lives. Without it we could not make a living. There is only enough spring water to supply the needs of the houses, so we have to pump from the river for farm use. We tell river all our secrets. We know instinctively, just as beekeepers with their bees, that misfortune might overtake us if the important events of our lives were not related to it.
　　We have special river birthday parties in the summer. Sometimes we go upstream to a favourite backwater, sometimes we have our party at the boathouse, which a predecessor of ours at the farm built in the meadow hard by the deepest pool for swimming and diving. In a heat wave we choose a midnight birthday party and that is the most exciting of all. We welcome the seasons by the riverside, crowning the youngest girl with flowers in the spring, holding a summer festival on Midsummer Eve, giving thanks for the harvest in the autumn, and throwing a holy wreath into the current in the winter.
　　After a long period of rain the river may overflow its banks. This is a rare occurrence as our climate seldom guest to extremes. We are lucky in that only the lower fields, which make up a very small proportion of our farm, are effected by flooding, but other farms are less favorably sited, and flooding can sometimes spell disaster for their owners.
One bad winter we watched the river creep up the lower meadows. All the cattle had been moved into stalls and we stood to lose little. We were, however, worried about our nearest neighbors, whose farm was low lying and who were newcomers to the district. As the floods had put the telephone out of order, we could not find out how they were managing. 　　From an attic window we could get a sweeping view of the river where their land joined ours, and at the most critical juncture we took turns in watching that point. The first sign of disaster was a dead sheep floating down. Next came a horse, swimming bravely, but we were afraid that the strength of the current would prevent its landing anywhere before it became exhausted. Suddenly a raft appeared, looking rather like Noah's ark, carrying the whole family, a few hens, the dogs, cat, and bird in a cage. We realized that they must have become unduly frightened by the rising flood, for their house, which had sound foundations, would have stood stoutly even if it had been almost submerged. The men of our family waded down through our flooded meadows with boathooks, in the hope of being able to grapple a corner of the raft and pull it out of the current towards our bank. We still think it a miracle that they we able to do so.
　　新概念英语3逐句精讲：
　　1.The river which forms the eastern boundary of our farm has always played an important part in our lives.
　　形成我们农场东部边界的一条河流一直在我们生活中发挥着重要作用。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:which引导定语从句。
　　语言点2: play an important part相当于play an important role in,意思是“在…中起重要作用。”
　　2.Without it we could not make a living.
　　要是没有这条河，我们就无法生存下去。
　　语言点1:without it实际上是提出一个先决条件。
语言点2:make a living的意思是“谋生，维持生活。”
　　3.There is only enough spring water to supply the needs of the houses, so we have to pump from the river for farm use.
　　泉水只能满足家庭生活用水，因此我们必须从河里抽水以用于农业生产。
　　语言点:pump from the river for的意思是“为…而从河里抽水。”
　　4.We tell river all our secrets.
　　我们向那条河倾诉我们的秘密。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:向河倾诉？这是典型的拟人修辞格。
　　5.We know instinctively, just as beekeepers with their bees, that misfortune might overtake us if the important events of our lives were not related to it.
　　我们本能地懂得，就像养蜂人和他的蜜蜂那样，要是我们不把生活中的重大的事件告诉那条河，就可能大祸临头。
　　语言点1:just as beekeepers with their bees.是类比修辞格。
语言点2:relate sth.to sb.的意思是“将某事告诉某人。”
　　6.We have special river birthday parties in the summer.
　　夏天，我们为这条河举办特殊的生日宴会。
　　7.Sometimes we go upstream to a favourite backwater, sometimes we have our party at the boathouse, which a predecessor of ours at the farm built in the meadow hard by the deepest pool for swimming and diving.
　　有时，我们溯流而上来到我们喜爱的回水河汊举办；有时在船坞举办。那船坞是农场一位前辈在一块草地上盖的，草地紧挨着一个专供游泳、跳水的深水池。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:两个sometimes后面是两个并列关系的主句，由逗号隔开，这种用法比较少见。
　　8.In a heat wave we choose a midnight birthday party and that is the most exciting of all.
　　天气炎热时，我们便选择在半夜举办生日聚会，这种聚会是最令人激动的。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:heat wave的意思是“热浪。”that指代前面的部分。

　　9.We welcome the seasons by the riverside, crowning the youngest girl with flowers in the spring, holding a summer festival on Midsummer Eve, giving thanks for the harvest in the autumn, and throwing a holy wreath into the current in the winter.
　　我们在河边迎接一年四季。春天在河边为最年轻的姑娘戴上花冠，夏天在河边欢庆“仲夏前夜”，秋天在河边丰收而感恩，冬天往河中抛撒一个冬表花环。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:请特别注意句中crowning,holding,giving,throwing形成的平行结构。
　　10.After a long period of rain the river may overflow its banks.
　　久雨这后，河水会泛滥成灾。
　　11.This is a rare occurrence as our climate seldom guest to extremes.
　　但是在我们这里，气候很少发生异常，河水极少泛滥。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:as引导原因状语从句。
　　12.We are lucky in that only the lower fields, which make up a very small proportion of our farm, are effected by flooding, but other farms are less favorably sited, and flooding can sometimes spell disaster for their owners.
　　值得庆幸的是，只有低洼的受到洪水影响，而低洼地在我们农场比例很小。其他农场地势欠佳，洪水有时会给农场主带来灾难。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:请注意，这个句子有三个主句，其中连词But前的句子和它后面的两个分句是让步转折的关系，后面这两个分句间的连词and连接两个并列关系的句子。In that表示“由于，因为。”
　　13.One bad winter we watched the river creep up the lower meadows.
　　有一年冬天，天气不好，我们眼看着河水浸没了地势较低的草场。
　　语言点:watch…creep up为“感官动词+动词原形”的结构。
　　14.All the cattle had been moved into stalls and we stood to lose little.
　　所有的牲口已提前转移到畜圈里，没有造成什么损失。
　　语言点:stand在本句中并不是“站”的意思，而是指“承受。”
　　15.We were, however, worried about our nearest neighbors, whose farm was low lying and who were newcomers to the district.
　　不过，我们很为我们的近邻担心。他们的农场地势低洼，而且他们又新来乍到。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:注意，本句中的and连接两个并列的定语从句。
　　16.As the floods had put the telephone out of order, we could not find out how they were managing.
　　由于洪水造成了电话中断，我们无法了解他们情况。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:as引导原因状语从句。How they were managing为宾语从句，说明find out的内容。
　　17.From an attic window we could get a sweeping view of the river where their land joined ours, and at the most critical juncture we took turns in watching that point.
　　从顶楼窗口看去，我们农场与他们农场接壤处的那段河流一览无余。在最紧急的时刻，我们轮流监视那段河流的险情。
　　18.The first sign of disaster was a dead sheep floating down.
　　灾难的第一迹象是一只死羊顺流而下。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:现在分词短语floating down作定语。
　　19.Next came a horse, swimming bravely, but we were afraid that the strength of the current would prevent its landing anywhere before it became exhausted.
　　接着一匹活马勇敢地与水搏击。但我们担心，洪水力量将使它上岸之前就筋疲力尽了。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:that引导宾语从句。
　　20.Suddenly a raft appeared,looking rather like Noah's ark, carrying the whole family, a few hens, the dogs, cat, and bird in a cage.
　　突然，出现了一只筏子，看起来很像诺亚方舟，上面载着他们全家老小，还有几只母(又鸟)、几只狗，一只猫与一只鸟笼，那里头有一只小鸟。
　　语言点:like Noah's ark是明喻修辞格。

　　21.We realized that they must have become unduly frightened by the rising flood, for their house, which had sound foundations, would have stood stoutly even if it had been almost submerged.
　　我们意识到他们一定是被不断上涨的洪水吓坏了。因为他们的房子地基牢固，即使洪水几乎灭顶也不会倒塌。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:这是一个相当复杂的复合句，that引导宾语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句，even if引导让步状语从句。　
　　22.The men of our family waded down through our flooded meadows with boathooks, in the hope of being able to grapple a corner of the raft and pull it out of the current towards our bank.
　　我家的男人们手拿船篙过被水淹没草场，希望能够钩住筏子一角，将它拽出激流，拖回岸边。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:in the hope of的意思是“希望…”，引导目的状语。
　　23. We still think it a miracle that they we able to do so.
他们终于成功了。至今我们仍认为这是个奇迹。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:that引导宾语从句。It是形式宾语。

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