[新概念英语第三册逐句精讲:第17课]新概念英语第三册逐句精讲：第10课“泰坦尼克”号的沉没

Lesson10 The loss of the Titanic “泰坦尼克”号的沉没
　　新概念3课文内容：
　　The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912. She was carrying 1,316 passengers and crew of 891. Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship. At the time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments. Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.
　　Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy water of the North Atlantic, huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout. After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense walk of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her. Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened. The noise had been so faint that no one though that the ship had been damaged. Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded! The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water. As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.
　　新概念英语3逐句精讲：
　　1.The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912.
巨轮“泰坦尼克”号1912年4月10日从南安普敦起锚驶向纽约。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:Titanic是the great ship的同位语，起解释说明的作用。April 10th,1912是按“日月年”的顺序排列的，是典型的美式英语的写法。
　　2.She was carrying 1,316 passengers and crew of 891.
　　船上载有1,316名乘客与891名船员。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:was carrying为过去进行时，旨在强调“泰坦尼克”号载有的乘客和船员的人数之多。
　　语言点2:“a crew of+数量”往往指代一个集合名词。
　　3.Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship.
　　却使用现代标准来衡量，45,000 吨的“泰坦尼克”号与算得上一艘巨轮了。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:even by modern standards在本句中充当让步状语。The 46,000 ton作Titanic的定语。
　　语言点2:注意句首的by,在这里为介词，表示“根据，依据”，类似的表达还有:
　　1.even by ancient ways 即使使用古老的方法
2.even by present methods 即使用当前的方法
　　4. At the time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments.
　　当时，这艘轮船不仅是造船建造的的一艘船，而且也被认为是不会沉没的。当时，这艘轮船不仅是造船建造的的一艘船，而且也被认为是不会沉没的。因为船由16个密封舱组成，
　　语言点1:句子结构分析: however和but一般不会同时出现在一句话中，但本句例外，后半句其实是not only…but(also)…(不但…而且…)的结构。
　　语言点2:regard…as…的意思是“把…当作…”。
　　5.Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float.
即使有两个舱进水，仍可漂浮的水面上。
　　语言点:句子机构分析:even if的意思是“即使”，引导让步状语从句。
　　6. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.
然而，这艘巨轮首航就下沉，造成大批人员死亡。人们将永远记着这艘巨轮的沉没惨剧。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:for引导原因状语从句，交代沉船事件应该被铭记的原因。
　　语言点2:表示“沉没”的多种方法辨析:
　　Sink 下沉（动作）
　　Go down沉没（结果）
　　Drown 淹没（部分在水下）
　　Submerge 淹没（全部在水下）
　　Dive潜水（还能再主动出水）
　　7. Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy water of the North Atlantic, huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout.
　　“泰坦尼克”起航后的第4天，它正行驶在北大西洋冰冷的海面上。忽然，瞭望员发现一座冰山。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:four days after setting out,while…是时间状语，中间被逗号隔开，这是一种非常新颖的时间状语从句的写法。
　　语言点2:the icy waters of the North Atlantic表示“北大西洋冰冷的海面”。
　　8. After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision.
　　警报响过不久，巨轮急转弯，以避免与冰山正面相撞。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:after引导时间状语从句，用被动语态强调“警报被拉响”。To avoid a direct collision为动词不定式短语，作目的状语，强调转弯的目的。
　　语言点2:与“相撞”有关的短语:
　　head-on-collision 迎面相撞
　　rear-on-collision 追尾
　　side impact 侧撞

　　9. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense walk of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.
　　“泰坦尼克”这个弯拐得及时，紧贴着高出海面100英尺的巨大的冰墙擦过去。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:narrowly missing…beside her是现在分词短语作状语，交代“转弯”后的结果。Which引导定语从句，修饰the mimense wall of ice。
　　语言点2:over 100 feet out of the water可理解为“高出海平面100多英尺”。Besides her是介词短语，作定语，修饰water。
　　10. Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened.
　　忽然，从船舱下部传来一声微颤音，船长走下船舱去查看究竟。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:用there be句型描写“泰坦尼克”被撞的时刻。To see what had happened为动词不定式短语，作目的状语，交代船长下到船舱去的目的。
　　11. The noise had been so faint that no one though that the ship had been damaged.
　　由于这个声音非常轻，没人会想到船身已遭损坏。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:so…that…引导结果状语从句，faint是原因，that之后的内容是结果，说明声音太小而导致无人知道船已受损；在这个结果状语从句中又有一个由that引导的宾语从句，交代thought的内容。
　　语言点2:表示“破坏”的词汇总结:
　　damage 造成一定的损失
destruct 故意或有计划地破坏
demolish 造成巨大的打击
destroy 具有摧毁性质的破坏
disrupt 带有分裂或瓦解的性质
　　12. Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded!
　　在下面，船长惊恐的地发现“泰坦尼克”号正在急速下沉，16个密封舱已有5个进水。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:for引导原因状语从句，交代“船正在下沉”的原因。主句中，below放在句首往往表示方位“在下面”。To his horror作方式状语。类似短语还有to one’s surprise(令人惊奇的是)。That引导宾语从句，说明realised的内容。
　　语言点2:为了避免重复，five后面省略了watertight compartments.
13. The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water.
　　于是，他发出弃船的命令，几百人跳进了冰冷刺骨的海水里。
　　语言点1:to abandon ship是动词不定式短语，作order的定语，说明是什么命令。
　　语言点2:以-y结尾表示天气状况的十个经典词汇:
　　cloudy 多云的;dizzly 下毛毛雨的;foggy 有雾的；icy 结冰的;rainy 有雨的；snowy 下雪的；stormy 暴风雨的;sunny晴朗的；thundery打雷的；windy有风的
　　14. As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.
　　由于没有足够的救生艇运载所有乘客，结果，1,500 人丧生。
　　语言点1:句子机构分析:as引导原因状语从句，交代1500人丧生的原因。
　　语言点2:被动语态形式life is lost是“死亡，牺牲”的婉转表达，含有不舍或令人遗憾却无法挽回的意思。
　　语言点3:请注意for和as引导原因状语从句时用法上的区别:
　　1. for引导原因状语从句时，经常放在句中。
2. as引导原因状语从句时，经常放在句首。

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