[新概念英语第三册逐句精讲:第17课]新概念英语第三册逐句精讲:第25课卡蒂萨克号

lesson25 The Cutty Sark 卡蒂萨克号
　　新概念3课文内容：
　　One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century, the Cutty Sark, can still be seen at Greenwich. She stands on dry land and is visited by thousands of people each year. She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of the past. Before they were replaced by steamships, sailing vessels like the Cutty Sark were used to carry tea from China and wool from Australia. The Cutty Sark was one of the fastest sailing ships that has ever been built. The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae. Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th, 1872 on an exciting race to England. This race, which went on for exactly four months, was the last of its kind. It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.
　　The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took the lead. It seemed certain that she would be the first ship home, but during the race she had a lot of bad luck. In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away. The Cutty Sark rolled from side to side and it became impossible to steer her. A temporary rudder was made on board from spare planks and it was fitted with great difficulty. This greatly reduced the speed of the ship, for there was a danger that if she traveled too quickly, this rudder would be torn away as well. Because of this, the Cutty Sark lost her lead. After crossing the Equator, the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted, but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead. Though the new rudder was fitted at tremendous speed, it was impossible for the Cutty Sark to win. She arrived in England a week after the Thermopylae. Even this was remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays. There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.
　　新概念英语3逐句精讲：　
　　1.One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century, the Cutty Sark, can still be seen at Greenwich.
　　人们在格林威治仍可看到19世纪最有名的帆船之一“卡蒂萨克”号。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:the Cutty Sark作one of the most famous…century的同位语，起解释说明的作用。
　　2.She stands on dry land and is visited by thousands of people each year.
　　它停在陆地上，每年接待成千上万的参观者。
　　语言点1:本句中的stand on不能翻译为“站在…上”，正确的理解应该是“停在…上”。
　　语言点2:thousands of不是“数千”的意思，而是“成千上万”。
　　3.She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of the past.
　　它给人们留下深刻的印象，使人们回忆起历的巨型帆船。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:句首的she指上文中的“帆船”，为拟人修辞格。
　　4. Before they were replaced by steamships, sailing vessels like the Cutty Sark were used to carry tea from China and wool from Australia.
　　在蒸汽船取代帆船之前。“卡蒂萨克”号之类的帆船被用来从中国运回茶叶，从澳大利亚运回羊毛。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:before引导时间状语从句。And连接两个并列的宾语“来自中国的茶叶”和“来自澳大利亚的羊毛”。
　　5. The Cutty Sark was one of the fastest sailing ships that has ever been built.
　　“卡蒂萨克”号是帆船制造建造的最快的一艘帆船。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:that引导定语从句，修饰the fastest sailing ships,即“…样的帆船”。

　　6. The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae.
　　可以与之一比高低的是“塞姆皮雷”号帆船。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:主语ship前有三个修饰词，它们的排列顺序符合多个修饰词修饰同一名词的规律。
　　7.Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th, 1872 on an exciting race to England.
　　两船于1872年 6月18日同时从上海启航驶往英国，途中展开了一场激烈的比赛。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:both these ships相当于both of these ships，强调是“两艘船”。
　　语言点2:“set out from+somewhere+on+时间”为固定搭配，意为“某时从某地出发”。
　　8.This race, which went on for exactly four months, was the last of its kind.
　　这场比赛持续了整整4个月，是这类比赛中的最后一次。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:which引导非限制性定语从句，对“比赛”进行修饰，说明是“持续了4个月的比赛”，for exactly four months突出时间之久。
　　9.It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.
　　它标志着帆船伟大传统的结束与一个新纪元的开始。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:it指代上文中所说的race(比赛)。And连接两个并列的宾语—“结束”和“开始”。
　　10.The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took the lead.
　　比赛开始后，“赛姆皮雷”号率先抵达爪哇岛。但在印度洋上，“卡萨萨克”号驶到了前面。
　　语言点:take the lead的意思为“，带头”。应特别注意的是，短语中的lead作名词用，不作动词。
　　11.It seemed certain that she would be the first ship home, but during the race she had a lot of bad luck.
　　看来，它首先返抵英国是确信无疑的了，但它却在比赛中连遭厄运。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句she would be the first ship home,即“它首先返抵英国是…的”
　　12.In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away.
　　8月份“卡蒂萨克”号遭到一场特大风暴的袭击，失去了一只舵。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:during which为“介词+关系代词”的结构，引导定语从句，修饰storm,如果还原成during the storm…,则重复了storm,显得啰嗦，所以用which代替the storm。
　　13. The Cutty Sark rolled from side to side and it became impossible to steer her.
　　船身左右摇晃，无法操纵。
　　语言点:roll form side to side不可理解为“从一边到另一边摇晃着”，正确的译法是“左右摇晃”，这样更符合汉语的表达习惯。
　　14. A temporary rudder was made on board from spare planks and it was fitted with great difficulty.
　　船员用备用的木板在船上赶制了一只应急用的舵，并克服重重困难将舵安装就位。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:句中的temporary与spare均为“临时备用的”之意，此处是为了避免重复而使用了两个不同的词。With great difficulty充当was fitted的方式状语，意思是“安装起来很困难”。

　　15. This greatly reduced the speed of the ship, for there was a danger that if she traveled too quickly, this rudder would be torn away as well.
这样一来，大大降低了船的航速。因为船不能开得太快，否则就有危险，应急舵也会被刮走。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:for引导原因状语从句。That引导同位语从句，其中又含有一个由if引导的条件状语从句，整个同位语从句用来说明“什么样的危险”。
　　16. Because of this, the Cutty Sark lost her lead.
　　因为这个缘故,“卡蒂萨克”号落到了后面。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:this指代“舵坏了，找替代品使用”这件事情。
　　17. After crossing the Equator, the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted, but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead.
　　跨越赤道后，船长将船停靠在一个港口，在那儿换了一只舵。但此时，“赛姆皮雷”号早已在500多英里之遥了。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:“after+现在分词短语”是省略式的时间状语从句。But连接两个转折关系的并列句，间接说明“两只船的距离”。
　　18. Though the new rudder was fitted at tremendous speed, it was impossible for the Cutty Sark to win.
　　尽管换装新舵时分秒必争，但“卡蒂萨克”号已经不可能取胜了。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:though引导让步状语从句，说明the Cutty Sark不可能取胜。
　　19. She arrived in England a week after the Thermopylae.
　　它抵达英国时比 “塞姆皮雷”号晚了1个星期。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:a week after…强调时间是“比…晚了一周”。
　　20. Even this was remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays.
　　但考虑到路上的多次耽搁，这个成绩也已很不容易了。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:even引导让步状语从句。Considering that…是现在分词短语，作条件状语，其中that引导的从句作consider的宾语。过去完成时had had说明“多次耽搁”发生在取得成绩之前，即“过去的过去”。
　　21. There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.
　　毫无疑问，如果中途没有失去舵，“卡帝萨克 ”号肯定能在比赛中轻易夺冠。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:there is no doubt that是固定搭配。If引导虚拟语气，提出一个假设。

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