[2018考研英语一阅读答案解析]2018考研英语双语阅读【三篇】

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Is China’s film market suffering from heatstroke?

中国电影市场中暑?

With temperatures soaring to almost 40 degrees Celsius in some parts of China, the war of the summer blockbuster in the film market is also entering its hottest period.

随着中国部分地区气温飙升至近40摄氏度，暑期大片的电影市场争夺战也趋于白热化。

However, the film market seems to be suffering from heatstroke this summer.

然而，今年暑期的电影市场似乎遭遇了中暑。

According to Mtime.com, one of China’s top film news sites, as of July 23 the monthly box office only took 3.01 billion yuan ($450 million).

根据中国电影新闻网站Mtime.com的数据，截至7月23日，每月票房仅为人民币30.1亿元(4.5亿美元)。

And with just a week to go, there is still a gap of 15 billion yuan ($2.22 billion) to match the figures from the same period last year.

与去年的统计日期相比，现在仅剩一周时间，但仍有150亿元(22.2亿美元)的缺口。

Last Saturday, the box office took 149 million yuan (US$22.07 million), one of the poorest Saturday takings in the past three and a half months.

上周六，票房收入为1.49亿元(约合2207万美元)，是过去三个半月里最少的周六票房收入之一。

Two domestic films, "The Founding of an Army" and "Wolf Warrior 2," are scheduled to be screened before the end of July, and whether they can boost the sluggish market remains to be seen.

两部国产影片《建军大业》和《战狼2》将于7月底上映，这两部电影能否提升低迷的市场仍有待观察。

The summer holiday season, which is usually considered to last from June 1 to August 31, is one of the busiest in the Chinese film market.

暑期假日一般是从6月1日至8月31日，是中国电影市场最繁忙的季节之一。

Statistics show that from 2014 to 2016, the summer releases’ box office accounted for 30.5 percent, 28.3 percent and 27.3 percent of the whole year’s revenue, respectively.

统计数据显示，从2014年到2016年，夏季票房收入分别占全年电影收入的30.5%、28.3%和27.3%。

But all of a sudden, the film industry witnessed such a disappointing situation to happan.

但突然间，电影行业却出现了如此令人失望的局面。

Data from the China Movie Data Information Network shows that the total box office in the first half of 2017 amounted to 27.2 billion yuan (4.03 billion US dollars), up only by 10.5 percent - a big dip from previous years’ rates ranging from 21 percent to 48.9 percent.

中国电影数据信息网的数据显示，2017年上半年总票房达到272亿元(约合40.3亿美元)，仅增长10.5%，较前几年的21%～48.9%大幅下降。

Meanwhile, from January to June, a total of 194 Chinese films hit the screens, accounting for 39 percent of the total box office, while the 41 foreign films contributed to the other 61 percent.

与此同时，从1月到6月，总共有194部中国电影在银幕上上映，占总票房的39%，而41部外国影片则贡献了61%的票房。

Among the 10 films with the highest revenues, only three were domestic films, with "Kung Fu Yoga" starring Jackie Chan in second place, taking 1.75 billion (260 million USdollars).

在收入的10部影片中，只有3部是国产电影，由成龙主演的《功夫瑜伽》以17.5亿美元(2.6亿美元)位居第二。

Foreign films, including "Despicable Me 3", "Baby Driver" and "Cars 3", are expected to be big challengers to domestic films.

外国电影，包括《神偷奶爸3》、《极盗车神》和《赛车总动员3》，都将成为国产电影的大挑战。

Several Chinese films have rearranged their dates of release to avoid clashing with their foreign rivals.

部分中国电影重新安排了上映日期，以避免与外国竞争对手发生冲突。

At the same time, lack of blockbusters has been bothering the Chinese film industry this year.

与此同时，中国电影业今年也缺乏真正的大片。

The newly-released film "Brotherhood of Blades 2" only earned around 200 million yuan (29.6 million US dollars).

新上映的电影《绣春刀2》仅获得了2亿元(2960万美元)。

The booming Chinese film market has been cooling down since 2016.

自2016年以来，蓬勃发展的中国电影市场一直在降温。

The total box office last year exceeded 45 billion yuan (6.77 billion US dollars), far off the estimated 60 billion yuan (8.9 billion US dollars) at the beginning of the year.

去年总票房超过450亿元(67.7亿美元)，远低于年初估计的600亿元(89亿美元)。

The 3.73-percent year-on-year increase is a disappointing contrast to previous year’s 48.7 percent rise.

同比增长3.73个百分点，与前一年48.7%的增长幅度相比确实有些大跌眼镜。

However, most insiders took the slowdown positively, saying that the Chinese film market has been turning towards a more reasonable direction.

然而，大多数内部人士对经济放缓持积极态度，称中国电影市场正朝着更加合理的方向发展。

The quantity of our film supply has been increasing, but the efficiency of the supply has been declining. What we need to address is how to elevate the quality of the domestic films, so as to raise the efficiency and to rationalize the supply structure, said Ren Zhonglun, chairman of Shanghai Film Group, in an interview with Guangming Daily.

“我们的电影供应数量一直在增加，但供应的效率一直在下降。”上海电影集团董事长任仲伦在接受《光明日报》采访时表示:“我们需要解决的问题是如何提高国产电影的质量，从而提高效率，并使供应结构合理化。”

The domestic films should show more respect to the audience, said Wang Zhonglei, Huayi Brothers Media Corp., adding that the Chinese audiences’ percipient and aestheticism have been much elevated in recent years, and therefore requiring high-quality films.

华谊兄弟传媒有限公司的王中磊表示:“国产电影应该更尊重观众。”他补充说，近年来，中国观众的洞察力和审美水平都提高了，因此需要更高质量的影片



野生动物第六次灭绝正在加速

The sixth mass extinction of life on Earth is unfolding more quickly than feared, scientists have warned.

科学家们警告称，全球野生动物“第六次大灭绝”的速度比预期的还要快。

More than 30 percent of animals with a backbone - fish, birds, amphibians, reptiles and mammals - are declining in both range and population, according to the first comprehensive analysis of these trends.

对动物灭绝趋势的首个全面分析结果显示，超过30%的脊椎动物，例如鱼类、鸟类、两栖动物、爬行动物以及哺乳动物等，它们的种类和数量都在减少。

"This is the case of a biological annihilation occurring globally," said Stanford professor Rodolfo Dirzo, co-author of a study published last Monday in the peer-reviewed US journal, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

这一研究结果近日在同行评审期刊《美国国家科学院院刊》上发表，该报告的合著者斯坦福大学教授鲁道夫•狄尔佐说：“这就是全球性生物大灭绝的现状。”

Around a decade ago, experts feared that a new planetary wipeout of species was looming.

专家们在大约十年前就预料到新一阶段的全球性生物大灭绝即将到来。

Today, most agree that it is underway - but the new study suggests that the die-out is already ratcheting up a gear.

现在多数专家都一致认为生物灭绝已经开始，但是新的研究表明，生物灭绝已经加快了速度。

It provides much-needed data about the threat to wildlife, mapping the dwindling ranges and populations of 27,600 species. For 177 mammals, researchers combed through data covering the period 1900 to 2015.

研究中提供了威胁野生物种的重要数据，绘制出了27600种生物种类和数量下降的分布图。其中，研究人员专门针对177种哺乳动梳理出了1900年至2015年间的数据。

The mammal species that were monitored have lost at least a third of their original habitat, the researchers found.

研究人员发现，他们所观测的这些哺乳动物已经失去了至少三分之一的原始栖息地。

Forty percent of them - including rhinos, orangutans, gorillas and many big cats - are surviving on 20 percent or less of the land they once roamed.

包括犀牛、猩猩、大猩猩以及大型猫科动物等在内的40%的哺乳动物，现在的活动区域仅为它们原有栖息地的20%或者更小。

The loss of biodiversity has recently accelerated.

生物多样性的减少最近也加速了。

"Several species of mammals that were relatively safe one or two decades ago are now endangered," including cheetahs, lions and giraffes, the study showed.

研究显示，包括猎豹、狮子以及长颈鹿在内的数种哺乳动物“在一二十年前还相对安全，然而现在处于濒危状态。”

Globally, the mass die-off - deemed to be the sixth in the last half-billion years - is the worst since three-quarters of life on Earth, including the non-avian dinosaurs, were wiped out 66 million years ago by a giant meteor impact.

6600万年前，由于一颗巨大陨石撞击地球，包括非鸟翼类恐龙在内，地球上四分之三的生物都遭到灭绝。这次全球性生物灭绝被认为是五亿年以来第六次生物大灭绝，而且是自恐龙灭绝以来最严重的。

There is no mystery as to why: our own ever-expanding species - which has more than doubled in number since 1960 to 7.4 billion - is eating, crowding and polluting its planetary cohabitants out of existence.

引发生物大灭绝的原因显而易见：人类不断繁衍壮大，人口达到74亿，相比1960年不止翻了一番。人们以动物为食，并把动物们挤出家园，同时还污染环境，让动物们无法生存。

By comparison, there are as few as 20,000 lions left in the wild, less than 7,000 cheetahs, 500 to 1,000 giant pandas and about 250 Sumatran rhinoceros.

相比之下，在野外生活的狮子只剩下20000只，猎豹只有不到7000只，大熊猫只剩下500到1000只，苏门答腊犀牛也只有250头左右。

罪魁祸首

The main drivers of wildlife decline are habitat loss, overconsumption, pollution, invasive species, disease, as well as poaching in the case of tigers, elephants, rhinos and other large animals prized for their body parts.

野生动物减少的主要原因有：失去栖息地、人类过度消耗、环境污染、物种入侵、感染疾病以及偷猎活动(因为老虎、大象、犀牛以及其他大型动物的一些身体部位价值连城)。

Climate change is poised to become a major threat in the coming decades, with some animals - most famously polar bears - already in decline due to rising temperatures and changing weather patterns.

气候变化在未来的几十年将成为生物灭绝的主要威胁因素。由于气温升高，天气模式变化，一些动物——比如最的北极熊——已经减少。

"The massive loss of populations and species reflects our lack of empathy to all the wild species that have been our companions since our origins," said lead author Gerardo Ceballos of the National Autonomous University of Mexico.

“野生动物自古是人类的朋友，从数量和物种的大幅下降可以看出，我们缺少对这些动物的怜悯之情，”墨西哥国立自治大学的首席作者热拉尔多•塞巴洛斯说。

Beyond any moral imperative, there are practical reasons to rue the eclipse of animals, whether megafauna or smaller and less "charismatic" creatures, the researchers said.

研究人员们说，无论是巨型动物、小型动物还是那些不太“有魅力”的动物，我们对它们的灭绝懊悔不仅仅是出于道德责任，还有更实际的原因。

The vanishing of a top-level carnivore or herbivore can have a cascading effect down the food chain, disrupting entire ecosystems.

肉食动物和食草动物如果消失，那么就会对下层的食物链产生级联效应，进而摧毁整个生态系统。

Other species directly provide "services" to humans, such as honeybees that pollinate crops or birds that ensure pest control.

其他物种还直接“服务”于人类，比如蜜蜂给庄稼传授花粉，小鸟吃害虫。

Previous studies show that ecosystems under stress, while resilient, have a breaking point - rapid change can lead to collapse.

既有的研究表明，在压力下的生态系统，即使有自我恢复能力，它也是有极限的。物种急剧的变化能让生态系统彻底崩溃。



Postnatal confinement: A tradition to follow or abandon?

是否该摒弃传统的坐月子方式?

Editor’s note: A young mother from Zibo, Shandong province, who died from severe heatstroke while taking part in ’sitting the month’, otherwise known as zuoyuezi, has placed the spotlight on the Chinese traditional custom. The practice of postnatal confinement, which require women to stay in bed, keep warm, not bathe or wash their hair, are still undertaken by some Chinese women today. Forum readers share their opinions.

编者按：近日，山东淄博的一位妈妈在坐月子时被热死，这项中国传统习俗再次曝光。这种要求产妇卧床、保暖、不洗澡、不洗头的习俗，至今还有许多中国女性在践行着。论坛的读者分享了她们的看法。

tailorsas (China)

tailorsas(中国)

Zuoyuezi is nothing like this. It requires the room to preserve warmth as women can be very fragile after giving birth. Woman are, however, still able to walk around in pajamas if the room temperature is stable. Postpartum confinement is good for women, which is why women enjoy the postpartum holiday for about half a year.

坐月子可不是这样。由于女性在产后非常虚弱，房间需要保暖。但是，如果房间温度舒适，产妇仍可以穿上睡衣裤在室内适当走动。坐月子对女性确有一定好处，这也是为何女性需要半年的产假。

Jaaja (Expat in China)

Jaaja (外籍人士)

It should be abandoned as it belongs in a time when access to medical care was not what it is today. People should not expect to be treated in tax-funded public hospitals with western quality medicine if they refuse to accept instructions from the same level of professionals and instead choose suicidal practices like this.

坐月子的传统应当被摒弃，因为它是属于医疗并不如今天这样发达的时代。那时的人们如果拒绝接受专业人士同等水平的指示，也别指望能去纳税人建的公立医院接受西医更高水平的治疗，因此只好选择这种近乎自杀的方式。

1105852048 (US)

1105852048 (美国)

Unfortunately, it is an old myth which simply refuses to go away. A woman should not be confined to her bed and kept warm or hot. Another useless tradition is a woman should not wash her hair for one month – hilarious but, unfortunately, very sad.

不幸的是，这是一个拒绝被丢弃的古老传说。产妇不应该被限制在床上，保暖或者忍受着天热。另一个没有意义的传统是女人一个月不能洗头——很搞笑，但很不幸，让人哀叹。

Cecilia zhang (China)

Cecilia zhang (中国)

Women take zuoyuezi too literally. Taboos I find ridiculous and crazy include not having a shower or brushing your teeth, and just because these are traditions does not mean you have to abide them. We have to adapt our traditional practices to suit modern conditions and not follow them blindly.

人们坐月子太照本宣科了。像不能洗澡、不能刷牙这些禁忌简直荒唐又疯狂，但这些是传统习俗，并不意味着你得一直忍受。我们得改进这些传统习惯以适应现代生活，而不是盲目的效仿。

Seneca (Expat in China)

Seneca (外籍人士)

A Western pregnant woman gets sheltered as much as a Chinese woman does – but I guess the time she spends in confinement, as you so quaintly put it, is limited to a few days or a couple of weeks. No, Western women also don’t have to abstain from taking a shower. In fact, I seem to remember many expectant women go to special pregnant women fitness lessons. They do pregnancy exercises to keep their body fit.

西方孕妇和中国的孕妇受到的保护一样的多，但我猜她产后禁足的时间——正如中国人所做的那么古怪——也只有几天或者一到两周。西方女人也不需要放弃洗澡。事实上，我似乎还记得很多人会参加特殊的产妇健身课程。他们做孕期锻炼以保持身体健康。

Helen (Germany)

Helen (德国)

In Germany, new moms can stay in hospital for up to five days after a normal birth and two weeks after a c-section. I think enforced confinement is unfair on the mother and the idea of not washing hair for a month fills me with horror. However, it would have been lovely to have been ’looked after’ for a month – to be fed, have the house cleaned, the shopping done so I could have just concentrated on my new baby.

在德国，顺产的产妇可以在医院最多住5天，剖腹产最多住两周。我觉得强制禁足对女性不公平，一个月不能洗头听起来也太恐怖了。但是，一整个月都有人照顾也是很不错的——有人做饭、做卫生、购物，所以妈妈能够全身心的照顾孩子。

RealMadrid1 (Spain)

RealMadrid1 (西班牙)

If my mother-in-law had been here in Spain when her grand-daughter was born, she would have had a fit. My wife and I walked to a restaurant in a cold, northerly wind late in the evening, 36 hours after she gave birth. Even so, none of the forecast or predicted misery afflicted my wife. She was well rugged up against the cold. Chinese women are no different to other races, we are all human beings.

当我的女儿出生时，如果我的岳母在西班牙，她一定会大发脾气。因为在我的妻子生孩子36小时后，我们在一个寒冷的、吹着北风的深夜步行到一家餐馆吃饭。即便如此，没有任何预言或者预测的痛苦折磨我的妻子，在寒冷的天气里她仍然很健壮。中国女性与其他种族的女性没有什么不同，我们都是人类。

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