新目标英语九年级unit_9_when_was_it_invented?导学案_(全单元)
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詹大悲中学初三英语导学案: Unit 9 When was it invented?〔Section A〕 1.预习sectionA的主要知识点〔请学生务必根据自己的学习情况自由补充!!〕 被动语态小结: 1.被动语态的时态: 被动语态的时态通过be的变化来表达,它必须与主语的人称、数一致。以下是几种常用的被动语态: (1)一般现在时的被动语态: am / is / are + 动词的过去分词。 Eg:This book in two languages.这本书是用两种语言写的. (2)现在进行时的被动语态: am / is /are + being + 动词的过去分词。 Eg: A school is by the workers now.工人们正在建一所学校. (3) 一般将来时的被动语态: will / be going to + be + 动词的过去分词. Eg: The project will next month.这项工程下个月就完工. (4) 现在完成时的被动语态: have / has + been + 动词的过去分词. Eg: My homework .我的作业以完成了. (5) 一般过去时的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词. Eg: The classroom three days ago. 教室是三天前被清扫的. (6) 含有情态动词的被动语态: 情态动词 +be +动词的过去分词. The classroom every day.教室应该每天都被清扫. 2.被动语态的否认句和疑问句: 〔1〕否认句的构成:必须在第一个助动词后加not。 Eg:His homework finished. 他的作业还没有完成。 〔2〕疑问句的构成:将第一个助动词置于主语之前。 Eg:When the bridge ?这座桥是何时建的? 3、主动语态变被动语态的方法: 〔1〕 把主动语态变的宾语作为被动语态的主语 〔2〕 主动语态的谓语改成be + 过去分词的形式,作为被动语态的谓语,be随着主语以及时态的变化而变化。 〔3〕 主动语态的主语变为by的宾语,有时可以省略。 Eg: He often plays computer games Computer games are often played by him 4、被动语态的注意方法: 〔1〕 在主动句中动词make,let,have,see,hear,feel,watch,find notice等后接不定式作宾补时,动词不定式都要去掉to,但变被动语态时,后面的不定式须加to. make sb. do sth. sb. be made to do sth. eg: The man made the boy do his homework.. The boy was made to do his homework. hear sb. do sth. sb. be heard to do sth. eg: I often hear him sing in the next room. He is often heard to sing in the next room. (2) 主动语态中假设有双宾语,变为被动语态时,只将其中一个宾语变为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变.一般情况下,往往把表示人的宾语变为被动句的主语,而把直接宾语〔物〕留作被动句的宾语。如果把主动句的直接宾语变为被动句的主语,那么间接宾语常须有介词〔一般是for或to〕 eg: My mother bought me a bike. 其被动句为: I was bought a bike by my mother. = A bike was bought for me by my mother. (3)有些词如系动词taste, feel, look, smell, sound 等,以及 sell 作 “销量(好坏)〞讲时常用主动语态表达被动的意思. Eg: This song sounds gentle. 这首歌听起来轻柔. Many kinds of books sell well. 许多种类的书销量不错. (4)有些词,如happen=take place “发生,〞 belong to “属于,〞没有变动语态. Eg: The necklace belongs to me. 这个项链属于我. 2. 本单元要掌握的句型 见课本P69 中的Grammar Focus 3. invent v. 创造 inventor n. 创造家 invention n. 创造 可数名词 4. be used for doing用来做…(是被动语态) 如: Pens are used for writing. 笔是用来写的。 Pens aren’t used for eating. 笔不是用来吃的。 5. 给某人某样东西 give sth. to sb. 如:I gave a pen to him. 我给他一支笔。 give sb. sth. I gave him a pen. 我给他一支笔。 6. all day 整天 7. salty adj. 咸的 salt n. 盐 8. by mistake 错误地 如: I took the umbrella by mistake. 我不小心拿错了雨伞。 9. make sb./sth. +形容词 使…怎么样 It made me happy. 它使我快乐 make sb./sth. +名词 让…做… It made me laugh. 它让我发笑 B.学习过程 【学习过程】之Section A 1a—2c 一.自主学习 学习任务一: 熟练掌握本局部单词。 学习任务二: 1. 看课本1a, 试讨论When were they invented?完成1a。 2.听读说训练: a. 听一听,搭配排序,完成1b。 b. 根据1b信息,练习对话 c. 听一听,,完成2a, 2b. 学习任务三: 1.角色扮演2c中对话,小组内编对话,练习,选代表进行呈现。 2.记住下面Grammar focus中的重点句子 二.合作探究 1. When was it invented? invent v. 创造,创造 例如: He has invented a new way of making silk. 他创造了一种制造丝绸的新方法。 Do you know who invented computers? 你知道谁创造的电脑吗? 【拓展】invent, create, find & discover (1)invent “创造;创造〞,指制造、创造出新事物。 (2)create “ 创造;创作;创立〞,强调从无到有,表示创造具体的东西,也课表示创造抽象的东西。(3)find “发现;找到〞强调结果。 (4)discover “发现;觉察〞指初次看见本来已存在但以前未被发现的事物。 Exercises: 使用invent, create, find & discover填空。 ①Columbus America but he did not explore the continent.(大陆) ②They looked for the bag everywhere, but in the end they didn't it. ③ We must work hard to a harmonious society.(和谐社会) ④ We all know that Alexander Bell the telephone. 2.They’re used for seeing in the dark.它们被用于在黑夜里观看。 be used for表示“被用来做……〞,介词for表示目的和用途,后面接名词或动词-ing形式。 Wood can be used for making paper.木材可以被用来造纸。 【拓展】含有be used的常用短语: 〔1〕be used as表示“被用作……〞,介词as意思是“作为〞的意思,其后一般接名词,强调使用的工具及手段。 This book can be used as a textbook.这本书可以当作教科书来用。 〔2〕be used by表示“被……使用〞,by后接动作的执行者。 This kind of machine is used by farmers for getting in crops. 3.Battery-operated slippers were invented by Julie Thompson.电池控制的拖鞋是朱莉。汤普森创造的。 operate v. 操作,作业 【拓展】〔1〕operate v. 操作,作业 例如: Can you operate the computer? 你会用电脑吗? 〔2〕operate v. 动手术,用于operate on sb. “给某人做手术〞。例如: The doctor will operate on his mother at once. 那位医生将马上为他的母亲动手术。 〔3〕operate v. 经营,管理 例如: The company operates ten factories. 这家公司经营着10家工厂。 〔4〕operation n. 手术 例如: She had an operation for stomach. 她做过胃部手术。 三.诊断评价 翻译以下句子 1.世界上许多国家都讲英 English______ _____ in many countries all over the world .〔speak〕 2.纸是中国创造的。 Paper ________ ________ in China.〔invent〕 3.这栋大楼是去年建造的。 The building _________ _________last year.〔build〕 4.他父亲应该不会让他娶玛丽为妻的。 He________ __________ to marry Mary by his father.〔allow〕 5.这本小说去年已被译成了几种语言。 This novel__________ __________ into several languages last year . 〔translate〕 【学习过程】之Section A 3a—4 一.自主学习 学习任务一: 讨论史上最有用的创造和史上最烦人的创造 学习任务二: 和伙伴讨论你们所选出的创造,进行对话练习 学习任务三: 荒野求生 你会选什么呢?why? 二.能力提升 伙伴合作:按要求完成4中的表格 三、合作探究 1. What do you think is the most helpful invention? 你认为什么是最有用的创造? 1)do you think 在此处用作插入语,常置于疑问词之后,不可置于疑问词前。 如:_______ do you think ______ ______ us English?你认为谁将教我们英语 ______do you think our life _____ ______ _____ in 100 years? 你认为一百年后我们的生活会是什么样? 2)-ful构成的形容词:care→careful wonder wonderful use useful forget forgetful 2. I think it would be better to have…… 我认为拥有……将是更好的。 It’s better (for sb.) to do sth…. 意思是“〔某人〕最好做某事〞, it 为形式主语,动词不定式短语为真正的主语。 如: It is better for you to walk to school. =You _____ _____ walk to school. 四.诊断评价 练习册 〔大家赶紧完成啊!不要拖了!!〕 【课后反思】 本文来源:https://www.wddqw.com/doc/ee8d87e2f405cc1755270722192e453610665b28.html