[新概念英语第三册逐句精讲:第17课]新概念英语第三册逐句精讲:第53课为了公众的利益

Lesson53 In the Public Interest 为了公众的利益　　
　　新概念3课文内容：
　　The Scandinavian countries are much admired all over the world for their enlightened social policies. Sweden has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual citizen from high-handed or incompetent public officers. The system has worked so well, that it has been adopted in other countries too.
　　The Swedes were the first to recognize that public official like civil servants, police officers, health inspectors or tax-collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are serving the public. As long ago as 1809, the Swedish Parliament introduced a scheme to safeguard the interest of the individual. A parliamentary committee representing all political parties appoints a person who is suitably qualified to investigate private grievances against the State. 　　The official title of the person is 'Justiteombudsman', but the Swedes commonly refer to him as the 'J.O.' or 'Ombudsman'. The Ombudsman is not subject to political pressure. He investigates complaints large and small that come to him from all levels of society. As complaints must be made in writing, the Ombudsman receives an average of 1,200 letters a year. He has eight lawyer assistants to help him and examines every single letter in detail. There is nothing secretive about the Ombudsman's work, for his correspondence is open to public inspection. If a citizen's complaint is justified, the Ombudsman will act on his behalf. The action he takes varies according to the nature of the complaint. He may gently reprimand an official or even suggest to parliament that a law be altered. The following case is a typical example of the Ombudsman's work.
　　A foreigner living in a Swedish village wrote to the Ombudsman complaining that he had been ill-treated by the police, simply because he was a foreigner. The Ombudsman immediately wrote to the Chief of Police in the district asking him to send a record of the case. There was nothing in the record to show that the foreigner's complaint was justified and the Chief of Police strongly denied the accusation. It was impossible for the Ombudsman to take action, but when he received a similar complaint from another foreigner in the same village, he immediately sent one of his lawyers to investigate the matter. The lawyer ascertained that a policeman had indeed dealt roughly with foreigners on several occasions. The fact that the policeman was prejudiced against foreigners could not be recorded in the official files. It was only possible for the Ombudsman to find this out by sending one of his representatives to check the facts. The policeman in question was severely reprimanded and was informed that if any further complaints were lodged against him, he would be prosecuted. The Ombudsman's prompt action at once put an end to an unpleasant practice which might have gone unnoticed.
　　新概念英语3逐句精讲：
　　 1.The Scandinavian countries are much admired all over the world for their enlightened social policies.
　　斯堪的纳维亚半岛各国实行开明的社会政策，受到全世界的推崇。
　　语言点:be admired不要译为“被喜欢”或者“被崇拜”，正确的译法应该是“受到推崇。”
　　2.Sweden has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual citizen from high-handed or incompetent public officers.
　　在瑞典，已逐渐形成了一种完善的制度以保护每个公民不受专横的和不称职的政府官员的欺压。
　　语言点:protect from的意思是“保护…不受…”。
　　3.The system has worked so well, that it has been adopted in other countries too.
　　由于这种制度行之有效，已被其他国家采纳。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:so…that…引导结果状语从句。
语言点2:be adopted的意思是“被采纳，被接受。”
　　4.The Swedes were the first to recognize that public official like civil servants, police officers, health inspectors or tax-collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are serving the public.
　　是瑞典人首先认识到政府工作人员如文职人员、警官、卫生稽查员、税务人员等等也会犯错误或者自以为在为公众服务而把事情做过了头。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:recognise后面的that引导宾语从句；belief后面的that引导同位语从句，解释说明belief。
　　5.As long ago as 1809, the Swedish Parliament introduced a scheme to safeguard the interest of the individual.
　　早在1809年，瑞典论会就建立一个保护公民利益的制度。
　　语言点:as long ago as往往被译为“早在。”
　　　Lesson53 In the Public Interest 为了公众的利益　　
　　新概念3课文内容：
　　The Scandinavian countries are much admired all over the world for their enlightened social policies. Sweden has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual citizen from high-handed or incompetent public officers. The system has worked so well, that it has been adopted in other countries too.
　　The Swedes were the first to recognize that public official like civil servants, police officers, health inspectors or tax-collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are serving the public. As long ago as 1809, the Swedish Parliament introduced a scheme to safeguard the interest of the individual. A parliamentary committee representing all political parties appoints a person who is suitably qualified to investigate private grievances against the State. 　　The official title of the person is 'Justiteombudsman', but the Swedes commonly refer to him as the 'J.O.' or 'Ombudsman'. The Ombudsman is not subject to political pressure. He investigates complaints large and small that come to him from all levels of society. As complaints must be made in writing, the Ombudsman receives an average of 1,200 letters a year. He has eight lawyer assistants to help him and examines every single letter in detail. There is nothing secretive about the Ombudsman's work, for his correspondence is open to public inspection. If a citizen's complaint is justified, the Ombudsman will act on his behalf. The action he takes varies according to the nature of the complaint. He may gently reprimand an official or even suggest to parliament that a law be altered. The following case is a typical example of the Ombudsman's work.
　　A foreigner living in a Swedish village wrote to the Ombudsman complaining that he had been ill-treated by the police, simply because he was a foreigner. The Ombudsman immediately wrote to the Chief of Police in the district asking him to send a record of the case. There was nothing in the record to show that the foreigner's complaint was justified and the Chief of Police strongly denied the accusation. It was impossible for the Ombudsman to take action, but when he received a similar complaint from another foreigner in the same village, he immediately sent one of his lawyers to investigate the matter. The lawyer ascertained that a policeman had indeed dealt roughly with foreigners on several occasions. The fact that the policeman was prejudiced against foreigners could not be recorded in the official files. It was only possible for the Ombudsman to find this out by sending one of his representatives to check the facts. The policeman in question was severely reprimanded and was informed that if any further complaints were lodged against him, he would be prosecuted. The Ombudsman's prompt action at once put an end to an unpleasant practice which might have gone unnoticed.
　　新概念英语3逐句精讲：
　　 1.The Scandinavian countries are much admired all over the world for their enlightened social policies.
　　斯堪的纳维亚半岛各国实行开明的社会政策，受到全世界的推崇。
　　语言点:be admired不要译为“被喜欢”或者“被崇拜”，正确的译法应该是“受到推崇。”
　　2.Sweden has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual citizen from high-handed or incompetent public officers.
　　在瑞典，已逐渐形成了一种完善的制度以保护每个公民不受专横的和不称职的政府官员的欺压。
　　语言点:protect from的意思是“保护…不受…”。
　　3.The system has worked so well, that it has been adopted in other countries too.
　　由于这种制度行之有效，已被其他国家采纳。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:so…that…引导结果状语从句。
语言点2:be adopted的意思是“被采纳，被接受。”
　　4.The Swedes were the first to recognize that public official like civil servants, police officers, health inspectors or tax-collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are serving the public.
　　是瑞典人首先认识到政府工作人员如文职人员、警官、卫生稽查员、税务人员等等也会犯错误或者自以为在为公众服务而把事情做过了头。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:recognise后面的that引导宾语从句；belief后面的that引导同位语从句，解释说明belief。
　　5.As long ago as 1809, the Swedish Parliament introduced a scheme to safeguard the interest of the individual.
　　早在1809年，瑞典论会就建立一个保护公民利益的制度。
　　语言点:as long ago as往往被译为“早在。”

　　6.A parliamentary committee representing all political parties appoints a person who is suitably qualified to investigate private grievances against the State.
　　议会内有一个代表各政党利益的委员会，由它委派一位称职的人选专门调查个人对国家的意见。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:committee与represent是逻辑上的主谓关系，只是represent用了现在分词的形式，引导现在分词短语作committee的定语。
　　语言点2:be qualified to do sth.的意思是“有资格做某事。”
　　7.The official title of the person is 'Justiteombudsman', but the Swedes commonly refer to him as the 'J.O.' or 'Ombudsman'.
　　此人官衔为“司法特派员”，但瑞典人一般管他叫“J.O.”，即“司法特派员”。
　　语言点:refer to意思是“把…称作。”
　　8.The Ombudsman is not subject to political pressure.
　　司法特派员不受任何政治压力的制约。
　　语言点:be subject to的意思是“受到…的制约。”
　　9.He investigates complaints large and small that come to him from all levels of society.
　　他听取社会各阶层的各种大小意见，并进行调查。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:that come to him from all levels of society是定语从句，修饰complaints。
　　10.As complaints must be made in writing, the Ombudsman receives an average of 1,200 letters a year.
　　由于意见均需用书面形式提出，司法特派员每年平均收到1,200封信。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:in writing是方式状语。
　　11.He has eight lawyer assistants to help him and examines every single letter in detail.
　　他有8位律师作他的助手协助工作，每封信都详细批阅。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:to help him作宾语补足语。
　　12.There is nothing secretive about the Ombudsman's work, for his correspondence is open to public inspection.
　　司法特派员的工作没有什么秘密可言，他的信件是公开的，供公众监督。
　　语言点1:形容词secretive作定语，修饰nothing。在修饰不定代词时，形容词一般放在被修饰的不定代词后。
　　语言点2:be open to的意思是“向…公开。”
　　13.If a citizen's complaint is justified, the Ombudsman will act on his behalf.
　　如果公民的意见正确，司法特派员便为他伸张正义。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:on one’s behalf的意思是“为了某人的利益，代表某人。”
　　14.The action he takes varies according to the nature of the complaint.
　　司法特员采取的行动因意见的性质不同而有所不同。
　　语言点:according to的意思是“根据，按照。”
　　15.He may gently reprimand an official or even suggest to parliament that a law be altered.
　　他可以善意地批评某位官员，也可以甚至向议会提议修改某项法律。
　　语言点:gently reprimand不可译为“温柔地批评”，而是“善意地批评。”
　　16.The following case is a typical example of the Ombudsman's work.
　　下述事件是司法特派员工作的一个典型例子。
　　语言点:a typical example的意思是“一个典型的例子。”

　　17.A foreigner living in a Swedish village wrote to the Ombudsman complaining that he had been ill-treated by the police, simply because he was a foreigner.
　　一个住在瑞典乡村的外国人写信给司法特派员，抱怨说他受到警察的虐待，原因就是因为他是个外国人。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:that引导宾语从句。
　　18.The Ombudsman immediately wrote to the Chief of Police in the district asking him to send a record of the case.
　　司法特派员立即写信给当地警察局长，请他寄送与此事有关的材料。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:in the district作后置定语。现在分词短语asking him to send a record of the case作目的状语。
　　19.There was nothing in the record to show that the foreigner's complaint was justified and the Chief of Police strongly denied the accusation.
　　材料中没有任何文字记载证明外国人所说的情况符合事实，警察局长矢口否认这一指控。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:that引导宾语从句。
　　20.It was impossible for the Ombudsman to take action, but when he received a similar complaint from another foreigner in the same village, he immediately sent one of his lawyers to investigate the matter.
　　司法特派员难以处理。但是，当他又收到住在同一村庄的另一个外国人写的一封内容类似的投诉信时，他立即派出一位律师前去调查。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:it is/was impossible for…to do已经成了固定结构，表示“…做…是不可能的。”
　　21.The lawyer ascertained that a policeman had indeed dealt roughly with foreigners on several occasions.
　　律师证实有个警察确实多次粗鲁地对待外国人。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:that引导宾语从句。
语言点2:on several occasions的意思是“在不同的场合”，引申为“多次。”
　　22.The fact that the policeman was prejudiced against foreigners could not be recorded in the official files.
　　警察歧视外国人的事在官方档案中不可能加以记载。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:that引导同位语从句。
语言点2:be prejudiced against意为“歧视。”
　　23.It was only possible for the Ombudsman to find this out by sending one of his representatives to check the facts.
　　司法特派员只有派他的代表去核对事实才能了解真相。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:it is/was only possible for sb.to do sth.的意思是“对某人而言只有做某事才行了。”
　　24.The policeman in question was severely reprimanded and was informed that if any further complaints were lodged against him, he would be prosecuted.
　　当事的警察受到严厉的斥责，并被告知，如果再有人投诉他，他将受到起诉。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:that引导宾语从句。
语言点2:be lodged against的意思是“针对。”
　　25.The Ombudsman's prompt action at once put an end to an unpleasant practice which might have gone unnoticed.
　　司法特派员及时采取的行动，迅速制止了这一起不愉快的事件，不然这件事可能因未得到人们注意而不了了之。
　　语言点:put an end to的意思是“结束，制止。”

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